Rhinitis and Rhinorrhoea

Question 1

What does rhinitis cause?

Answer 1

Acute or chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa

Question 2

In allergic rhinitis, inhalation of the allergen increases what?

Answer 2

Specific IgE levels

Question 3

What does IgE bind to?

Answer 3

Receptors on mast cells and basophils

Question 4

What does re-exposure to the antigen cause?

Answer 4

Mast cell and basophil degranulation

Question 5

What does degranulation of mast cells and basophils cause release of?

Answer 5

Histamine, CysLT, tryptase, prostaglandins

Question 6

What is involved in the delayed response which causes congestion and obstruction?

Answer 6

Lymphocytes and eosinophils

Question 7

What is non-allergic rhinitis?

Answer 7

Rhinitis not involving IgE

Question 8

What do rhinitis and rhinorrhoea cause in increase of?

Answer 8

Mucosal blood flow, blood vessel permeability or both

Question 9

How do you treat the anti-inflammatory aspect?

Answer 9

Glucocorticoids

Question 10

How do you block the mediators?

Answer 10

Histamine, CysLT1 receptor antagonists

Question 11

How do you target nasal blood flow?

Answer 11

Vasoconstrictors

Question 12

How do you target the antiallergic side?

Answer 12

Sodium cromoglicate