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Zoology > Exam 4.1 > Flashcards

Exam 4.1 Flashcards

1
Q

Arthropoda Groups

A

Chelicerata, Myriapoda, Crustacea, Hexapoda

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2
Q

Tagmata

A

Many segments fused together

Functional group

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3
Q

Basic Arthropod characteristics

A

Triploblastic
Protostomes
Eucoelomates
Open circ. system with hemocoel

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4
Q

Pros of exoskeleton (4)

A

Hard for protection
Lightweight and made of chitin
Prevents desiccation (drying out)
Muscles attach to it

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5
Q

Cons of exoskeleton (1)

A

Ecdysis for growth

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6
Q

Tracheal System

A

Air sent directly to cells via tube system with multiple openings and trachea
Can open and close tubes to prevent water loss
Arthropoda

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7
Q

Chelicerata characteristics

A

4 pr walking legs
1 pr pedipalps
1 pair chelicera

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8
Q

Chelicera

A

Appendages near mouth

Can have fangs (spiders)

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9
Q

Chelicerata Classes

A

Merostomata, Pycnogonida, Arachnida

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10
Q

Arachnida Groups

A

Spiders, scorpions, Harvestmen, ticks and mites

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11
Q

Arachnida Tagmata

A

cephalothorax and abdomen

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12
Q

Book Lungs

A

Air pockets extending into blood chamber

Spiders

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13
Q

Sensory structures in spiders

A 
8 eyes, good at detecting movement
Sensory setae (tactile receptors on body)
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14
Q

Myriopoda Groups

A

Chilopoda, Diplopoda

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15
Q

Head of Crustaceans have…

A

2 pairs of antennae
1 pair of mandibles (chewing)
2 pair of maxillae (food manipulation)

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16
Q

First stage of life cycle of crustaceans

A

Nauplius

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17
Q

Malacostraca

A

Isopod, krill, decapods (lobster, crayfish, shrimp)

Crustacea

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18
Q

Tagmata in Insecta

A
  1. Head-sensory and feeding
  2. Thorax- locomotion
  3. Abdomen-digestion, excretion, reproduction
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19
Q

Instar

A

each larval stage of metamorphosis

20
Q

Homometabolous

A

Very different larva and adult form
Form pupa
Most insects

21
Q

Hemimetabolous

A

Gradual transition from larval (nymphs) to adults

22
Q

Aposematic

A

Warning coloration
signals chemical defense
Mimicry

23
Q

Crypsis

A

Camouflage

24
Q

Eusocial

A

social system with few breeders and many workers
worker castes
Insecta

25
Q

Chordata synapomorphies

A
  1. Notochord
  2. Dorsal Tubular Nerve cord
  3. Pharyngeal Gill Slits
  4. Endostyle/Thyroid gland
  5. Postanal Tail
26
Q

Notochord

A

cartilaginous skeletal support rod
Replaced by spine in some
Chordata trait

27
Q

Dorsal Tubular Nerve cord

A

Anterior brain in most

Chordata trait

28
Q

Pharyngeal Gill Slits

A

Respiration and or feeding when functional

Chordata trait

29
Q

Endostyle/Thyroid gland

A

Endostyle secretes mucus to trap food particles
Thyroid produces hormones to regulate metabolism
Chordata trait

30
Q

Postanal Tail with segmented muscles

A

locomotion when functional

Chordata trait

31
Q

Urochordata

A 
Tunicates, sea squirts
Sessile marine filter feeders
Pharyngeal gill slits for feeding and respiration
Tunic
Larval forms have chordate traits
32
Q

Tunic

A

Tough, non-living cuticle that surrounds body

Urochordata

33
Q

Cephalochordata

A

Lancelets
Marine, live in sandy bottoms (hehe)
Adults show all chordate characteristics

34
Q

Echinodermata Characteristics

A 
Triploblastic
Radial symmetry; bilateral as larvae 
No cephalization
Most slow, not sessile 
Ossicles
Water vascular system
Tube feet
35
Q

Ossicles

A

Endoskeleton with spines sticking through epidermis

36
Q

Water Vascular System

A

System of canals that allow for locomotion and feeding
Muscular contraction of ampulla (head inside of tube feet) force water from canals
Echinodermata

37
Q

Tube Feet

A

Act like suction cups
Used for locomotion and feeding
Echinodermata

38
Q

Echinodermata Groups

A

Crinoidea, Asteroidea, Ophiuriodea, Echinoidea, Holothuroidea

39
Q

Asteroidea

A

Sea stars

Skin covered with papulae and pedicellaria

40
Q

Papulae

A

Projections used in respiration

Asteroidea

41
Q

Pedicellaria

A

Small pincers used to clean off debris, parasites, etc

Asteroidea and Echinoidea

42
Q

Crinoidea

A

Sea lilies, feather stars

Suspension feeders and mostly sessile

43
Q

Ophiuroidea

A

Brittle and basket stars
More flexible arms that are distinct from the central disk
Arms are brittle but regenerate

44
Q

Echinoidea

A

Sea urchins, sand dollars, heart urchins
Fused ossicles that make a shell or test
Pedicellaria (some with toxins)
Aristotle’s Lantern

45
Q

Aristotle’s Lantern

A

Set of jaws attached to ossicle plates and muscles

Echinoidea

46
Q

Holothuroidea

A 
Sea cucumber 
Elongated along oral-aboral axis
Respiratory tree
Tube feet only on bottom side
Leathery skin with embedded ossicles

Zoology (5 decks)

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