Genetics of Diabetes MODY, LADA

Question 1

LADA is more closely related to what type of diabetes?

Answer 1

T1

Question 2

When do symptoms of LADA occur?

Answer 2

after age 30

Question 3

differences of LADA and T1

Answer 3

no symptoms until older

slower destruction of beta cells than typical T1D

Question 4

differences of LADA and T2

Answer 4

quickly develop a requirement for insulin

frequently have islet cell antibodies

Question 5

LADA and insulin resistance

Answer 5

some

Question 6

Genetic cause of MODY

Answer 6

mutations in a single gene.

Question 7

inheritance of MODY

Answer 7

autosomal dominant

Question 8

features of MODY

Answer 8

early onset
absence of autoimmunity 
no insulin resistance
low insulin secretion
no obesity

Question 9

MODY acts like a mild version of

Answer 9

T1

Question 10

treatment of MODY

Answer 10

keeping blood sugars as close to normal as possible.

Question 11

common MODY subtypes

Answer 11

MODY 2 (glucokinase)
MODY 3 (HNF1 alpha)

Question 12

Mody 2: glucokinase

Answer 12

glucose sensor of beta cells.

Results in slightly higher glucose levels; is asymptomatic.

Question 13

Mody 3 HNF1 alpha (transcription factor for INS)

Answer 13

Common cause of MODY

It lowers the amount of insulin made by the pancreas, leading to diabetes in adolescence or early twenties.

Question 14

The mutated genes found in MODY have also been found as

Answer 14

common less penetrant variants increasing the risk of T1 and T2