6 Intestines Flashcards
(80 cards)
What are the three parts of the small intestine?
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum.
What are the components of the large intestine?
Caecum, appendix, ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal.
Where does the small intestine begin and end?
Begins at the pylorus/ c shape duodenum , leads into the jejunum and ileum and ends at the ileocaecal junction.
Where does the large intestine begin and end?
Begins at the caecum and ends at the anal canal.
Where is the duodenum located anatomically?
In the right upper quadrant, spanning L1–L3 vertebral levels from top to bottom
How are the jejunum and ileum positioned?
They coil into loops that span across all abdominal quadrants.
What is the main function of the small intestine?
Nutrient absorption.
What shape does the duodenum form?
A C-shaped loop around the head of the pancreas.
Where does the duodenum start and end?
From the pylorus to the duodenojejunal flexure.
At what level is the duodenojejunal flexure located?
Around L2 vertebra, 2–3 cm left of midline.
what parts of the duodenum are intraperiotenea/retroperiotnela
the first/ superior part is the only part that is intraperitoneal as it has the hepatoduodenal ligament that wraps around it and the rest is retroperitoneal
Which part of the duodenum is intraperitoneal?
The proximal part of the first (superior) part.
What vertebral levels correspond to the four parts of the duodenum?
1st: anterolateral to L1; 2nd: right of L1–L3; 3rd: crosses L3; 4th: rises from left of L3 to L2.
What feature characterises the internal duodenal wall?
Circular folds.
Where is the major duodenal papilla located and what is its function?
In the 2nd part of duodenum; it releases bile and pancreatic juice.
What anatomical landmark separates the foregut from the midgut?
The level of the major duodenal papilla.
Which artery supplies the proximal duodenum?
Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery via the gastroduodenal artery.
Which artery supplies the distal duodenum?
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery from the SMA.
Where do duodenal veins drain?
Into the hepatic portal vein or via superior mesenteric and splenic veins.
Where does the jejunum begin?
At the duodenojejunal flexure.
Where does the ileum end?
At the ileocaecal junction.
What proportion of the small intestine is jejunum and ileum?
Jejunum: 2/5, Ileum: 3/5.
How do circular folds differ between jejunum and ileum?
More prominent in jejunum.
Which has more lymphatic follicles: jejunum or ileum?
Ileum.