6: Nutrition Flashcards
Primary vs secondary malnutrition
Primary: a major component missing from diet
Secondary: malabsorption/impaired utilization/storage leading to malnutrition
List some conditions leading to malnutrition
Poverty**, acute/chronic diseases, chronic alcoholism, ignorance and failure to supplement diet, self-imposed restrictions, drug therapies
What % of older residents in nursing homes are malnourished?
About 50%
How do we know that the gut microbiome is related to malnutrition?
Fecal transplant from a mouse with SAM into a healthy mouse can cause malnutrition
Psychiatric disorder with the highest death rate
Anorexia nervosa
Acute vs chronic vitamin A toxicity S/S
Acute: HA, dizziness, vomiting, confusion, blurred vision, increased intracranial pressure
Chronic: weight loss, anorexia, N/V, bone and joint pain
Hyper vitamin D in kids vs adults
Kids: metastatic calcification of soft tissue
Adults: bone pain, hypercalcemia
Major source of vitamin D
Endogenous synthesis from 7-dehydrocholesterol using UV light
Dietary sources of vitamin C
Milk, animal products, fruits and veggies
Too much vitamin C can cause?
Fe overload, hemolytic anemia in ppl with G6PD deficiency, calcium oxalate kidney stones
Type of anemia caused by iron deficiency
Hypochromic microcytic anemia
Obesity
Accumulation of adipose tissue that is of sufficient magnitude to impair health
BMIs: normal vs overweight vs obese
Normal: 18.5 - 25
Overweight: 25-30
Obese: 30+
Only known gut hormone to increase food intake (orexigenic)
Ghrelin
Where does aflatoxin come from?
Fungi in crops like maize, peanuts, tree nuts
