6 Pack Flashcards
(6 cards)
Airspeed Errors
Position:
-Disturbed airflow over pitot/static -Reads high or low depending on
AoA/config
Density:
-Non-standard temp/pressure
-Affects TAS vs. IAS
Compressibility:
-Air compression at high speeds/altitudes
-Reads high
Mechanical:
-Internal friction or lag
-Minor deviation
Altimeter Errors
Pressure Setting:
-Incorrect altimeter setting
-Reads too high/low
Temperature:
-Non-ISA temps
-Cold reads high → you’re low
Mechanical:
-Internal friction or defects
-Small inaccuracies
Lag/Hysteresis:
-Rapid altitude changes
-Delay in reading
Static Source:
-Poor static port location or airflow
-Inaccurate readings, config-dependent
Vertical speed indicator Errors
Lag:
-Pressure delay via calibrated leak
-Delay in climb/descent indication
Reversal:
-Rapid transition in pitch
-Incorrect initial trend (climb when descending, etc.)
Static error:
-Faulty static pressure
-Incorrect or frozen VSI reading
Attitude indicator Errors
Acceleration:
-In level flight
-False pitch-up
Deceleration:
-In level flight
-False pitch-down
Turning:
-During prolonged turns
-Minor pitch/bank error
Tumbling
-Extreme attitudes
-Loss of reliable indication
Turn Coordinator Errors
Precession:
-Gyro wear/friction
-False slight turn in level flight
Lag:
-Mechanical delay
-Slow show turn rate changes
Gyro Failure:
-Electrical/mechanical
-Frozen or false indications
Ball Misinterpretation:
-Improper rudder or bank
-Skid/slip or confusion
Power Loss:
-Electrical system failure
-Total instrument failure (in electric units)
Heading Indicator Errors
Precession:
-Internal gyro drift/friction
-HI drifts from true heading
-correction every 15mins
Banking Errors:
-Abrupt maneuvers
-Can cause momentary precession
Power Failure:
-Vacuum loss
-HI freezes or gives false headings
