6) The Periodic Table

Question 1

Where are the alkali metals found?

Answer 1

Group 1

Question 2

How many electrons are in an alkali metal’s outer shell?

Answer 2

1

Question 3

What are examples of alkali metals?

Answer 3

Lithium
Sodium
Potassium

Question 4

What is the least reactive alkali metal?

Answer 4

Lithium

Question 5

What happens when lithium reacts with oxygen?

Answer 5

Burns with a crimson flame

Question 6

What happens when lithium reacts with water?

Answer 6

Floats on surface
Fizzes
Releases bubbles of hydrogen gas (effervesces)

Question 7

What happens when sodium reacts with oxygen?

Answer 7

Burns with a yellow/orange flame

Question 8

What happens when sodium reacts with water?

Answer 8

Floats on surface

Sodium melts into ball and moves quickly across the surface

Question 9

Why is sodium more reactive than lithium?

Answer 9

It’s outer shell electron is less strongly attracted to the nucleus

Question 10

What happens when potassium reacts with oxygen?

Answer 10

Burns with a lilac flame

Question 11

What happens when potassium reacts with water?

Answer 11

Metal floats on surface and has similar more vigorous reaction compared to sodium

Question 12

How does reactivity change in the alkali metals?

Answer 12

More reactive going down the group

Question 13

What happens when alkali metals react with oxygen?

Answer 13

Rapidly turns from silvery to dull as a metal oxide

Question 14

What happens when alkali metals react with water?

Answer 14

Metal floats on surface and melts to create metal hydroxide

Question 15

What happens when alkali metals react with chlorine?

Answer 15

Metal chloride is formed which dissolves in water to give a colourless solution

Question 16

What group are the halogens in?

Answer 16

Group 7

Question 17

How many electrons do halogens have in their outer shell?

Answer 17

7

Question 18

What do halogens make in their elemental form?

Answer 18

Diatomic molecules

Question 19

What are diatomic molecules?

Answer 19

Molecules made of pairs of atoms

Question 20

What is formed when a metal atom transfers its outer electron to a non-metal atom?

Answer 20

Salts

Question 21

How does reactivity change down the halogen group?

Answer 21

Halogens become less reactive

Question 22

Why do halogens get less reactive moving down the group?

Answer 22

The attraction between the nucleus and electron gained decreases

Question 23

What is the state and colour of bromine at room temperature?

Answer 23

Red-brown

Liquid

Question 24

What is the state and colour of iodine at room temperature?

Answer 24

Dark grey

Solid

Question 25

What is the state and colour of chlorine at room temperature?

Answer 25

Pale green | Gas

Question 26

What is the test for chlorine?

Answer 26

Insert damp litmus paper into test tube containing gas | Chlorine bleaches litmus paper from red to white

Question 27

What group are the noble gases?

Answer 27

Group 0 (8)

Question 28

Why are the noble gases unreactive?

Answer 28

They have a full outer shell of electrons

Question 29

Why are noble gases used in light bulbs?

Answer 29

They will not react with the hot metal filament

Question 30

What do noble gases exist as?

Answer 30

Single atoms (monotomic) instead of forming molecules

Question 31

Do noble gases have high or low boiling points?

Answer 31

Low

Question 32

Why do noble gas boiling points increase as you move down the periodic table?

Answer 32

The relative atomic mass increases

Question 33

Do noble gases have high or low density?

Answer 33

Low

Question 34

How does noble gas density change as you move down the group?

Answer 34

Increases as relative atomic mass increases

Question 35

What are properties of the noble gases?

Answer 35

Inert Low boiling point Low density Monatomic

Question 36

What do halogens and metals react to form?

Answer 36

Metal halides

Question 37

What state of matter are metal halides at room rempertaure?

Answer 37

Solid ionic compounds

Question 38

What is the formula between halogens and metals?

Answer 38

metal + halogen --> metal halide

Question 39

What do hydrogen halides dissolve in water to form?

Answer 39

Acidic solutions

Question 40

What does hydrogen chloride dissolve in water to form?

Answer 40

Hydrochloric acid

Question 41

What type of compound are hydrogen halides?

Answer 41

Covalent compounds

Question 42

What does sodium bromide and chlorine react to make?

Answer 42

sodium bromide + chlorine --> sodium chloride + bromine | displacement reaction

Question 43

What displaces substances in displacement reactions?

Answer 43

More reactive substances

Question 44

Which substance is reduced in displacement reactions?

Answer 44

The more reactive susbstance gains electrons

Question 45

Which substance is oxidised in displacement reactions?

Answer 45

The less reactive substance loses electrons