6. The purpose and management of the technology and information function Flashcards

(38 cards)

1
Q

Information systems help to

A

Plan
Control
Aid decision making

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2
Q

Data

A

facts or figures in a raw unprocessed format

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3
Q

Information

A

data that has been processed to have meaning to the end user

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4
Q

Information flow

A

Input raw data
Process - analysis
Output - reporting

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5
Q

Process of converting data into information may include

A
Data collection
Data evaluation
Data analysis
Data interpretation
Data reporting
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6
Q

Characteristics of good information

A

ACCURATE

Accurate
Complete
Cost Effective
Understandable
Relevant
Accessible
Timely
Ease of use
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7
Q

Types of information system

A

Information systems

Information technology

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8
Q

Information systems

A

provision and management of information to support the running of the business

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9
Q

Information technology

A

supporting equipment (hardware) that provides infrastructure to run the information systems

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10
Q

Levels of information

A

Strategic
Tactical
Operational

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11
Q

Strategic

A

long term complex decisions

used by directors and senior managers

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12
Q

Tactical

A

medium term made by middle management

used by managers at all levels i.e. stock analysis, productivity measures

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13
Q

Operational

A

day to day

i.e. ordering stock, payroll details

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14
Q

Management information systems (MIS)

A

converts internal and external data into useful information

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15
Q

Executive information systems (EIS)

A

gives senior execs internal and external info. Presented in a user friendly way that can be drilled down

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16
Q

Decision Support Systems (DSS)

A

aids managers to make decisions, predicts a number of difference scenarios and manager uses final judgement to make decision

17
Q

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

A

processes routine business transactions i.e. sales and purchase info

18
Q

Expert systems

A

hold specialist knowledge i.e. law, taxation and allow non experts to interrogate them for information advice and recommended decisions

19
Q

Use of information systems in a factory

A

Computer Aided Design (CAD)

Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

20
Q

Use of information systems in an office

A

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
Email
Internet
Video and teleconferencing

21
Q

Intranet

A

private network within an organisation

22
Q

Extranet

A

private secure extension of an intranet

23
Q

Network

A

LAN (local area network)

WAN (wide area network)

24
Q

Centralised IS

A

all functions based out of a single, central location like a a head office

25
Decentralised IS
functions spread out throughout the organisation's location
26
Evaluating a new information system
Cost benefit analysis
27
Systems implementation
``` Installation Testing Staff training File conversion Changeover ```
28
System changeover
Direct Parallel Pilot Phased
29
System evaluation
Cost benefit review Measuring system performance Post implementation review
30
Types of system maintenance
corrective adaptive perfective (preventative)
31
3cs of implementation
Commitment Coordination Communication
32
Overcoming user resistance | Kotter, Schlesinger and Sache
Education and communication Participation Facilitation and support Negotiation Maintenance and cooptation Power/ coercion
33
Lewin's force field analysis
Restraining forces Driving forces
34
IS outsourcing
ad hoc project management partial total
35
Service level agreement
``` service level exit route timescale software ownership dependencies employment issues ```
36
Dial back security
requires users to identify themselves before the system dials them back on their authorised number before allowing access
37
Five moral dimensions of the information age
``` Information rights and privacy Property rights Accountability and controls Systems quality Quality of life ```
38
IT enabled transformation
remote working hot desking virtual teams