Medications

Question 1

What is the mechanism of unfractionated heparin

Answer 1

AT-3 activator
Inhibits thrombin (2a), 3, 10a

Question 2

Mechanism of fondaparinux (Atrixtra)

Answer 2

Indirect 10a inhibitor (via AT-3)

Question 3

Direct 10a inhibitors

Answer 3

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
Apixaban (Eliquis)
Edoxaban (Savaysa)

Question 4

Mechanism of dabigatraban (Pradaxa), Argatroban

Answer 4

Direct 2a (thrombin) inhibitor

Question 5

Mechanism of TXA

Answer 5

Lysine synthetic
Inhibits activation of plasminogen -> plasmin
Prevents fibrinolysis (breakdown of Factor 1a - fibrin)

Question 6

N-containing bisphosphonate mechanism

Answer 6

GTPase formation via farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase

Question 7

Denosumab mechanism

Answer 7

Binds + inhibits RANKL

Inhibits osteoclast function

Question 8

Mechanism of LMW heparin

Answer 8

Inhibits factor Xa

Question 9

What abx inhibits 30S subunit

Answer 9

Tetracycline, aminoglycoside

Question 10

Cephalosporin MOA

Answer 10

Prevent peptidoglycan cross-linkage in cell wall synthesis

Question 11

Glycopeptide MOA (Vancomycin)

Answer 11

Prevent addition of cell wall subunits

Question 12

Rifampin MOA

Answer 12

RNA polymerase

Question 13

What do corticosteroids do

Answer 13

Inhibit phospoholipase A2

Prevent arachidonic acid formation

Question 14

Benefits of LMWH vs unfractionated heparin

Answer 14

Longer half life (3-18 hrs vs 1)
Selectively targets Xa
Lower HIT risk
Similar risk of bleeding to Coumadin

Question 15

What does glucosamine do

Answer 15

Acts as substrate for proteoglycan synthesis

Question 16

Mechanism of Botox

Answer 16

Competitive inhibitor of PRE-SYNAPTIC ACh receptors

Question 17

Contraindications to Teriparatide

Answer 17

Paget’s
Previous mets

Risk of secondary osteosarcoma

Question 18

Drugs that worsen osteoporosis

Answer 18

Anti-epileptics
Prednisone
PPI
Heparin