Diseases

Question 1

Gout crystals

Answer 1

YELLOW

NEGATIVE biregringent

Question 2

Pseudogout crystals

Answer 2

BLUE

POSITIVE birefringent

Question 3

Bilateral ankle OA

Answer 3

Hemochromatosis

Question 4

Homogentisic acid in joints
Spondylitis
BLACK urine

Answer 4

Ochronosis (Alkaptonuria)

Question 5

Reactive arthritis

Answer 5

Uveitis
Urethritis
Arthritis
HLA-B27 +

Question 6

Familial hypophosphatemic rickets

Answer 6

Vit D resistant

X-linked Dominant

Question 7

Type 1 Vit D dependent rickets

Answer 7

AR
ENZYME defect (Vit D1 hydroxylase)

Question 8

Type 2 Vit D dependent rickets

Answer 8

AR
RECEPTOR defect (1, 25 OH Vit D receptor)

Question 9

Where scurvy affects bone

Answer 9

Primary spongiosa

Question 10

Best lab test for RA

Answer 10

anti-CCP AB

Question 11

Mannerfelt syndrome

Answer 11

FPL rupture in RA

Due to scaphoid osteophyte

Question 12

Vaughn Jackson syndrome

Answer 12

Rupture of ulnar extensors (EDM first) in RA

Due to DRUJ instability

Question 13

Lab tests for SLE

Answer 13

Anti-DS DNA AB

Anti-Smith

Question 14

Altered BMP-4 signal transduction

Answer 14

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva

Question 15

Poly-ostotic fibrous dysplasia + myxomas

Answer 15

Mazabraud’s syndrome

Question 16

Multiple enchondromas

Answer 16

Ollier’s disease + Mafucci’s

Question 17

Defective LEMD3 gene

Answer 17

Osteopoikilosis

Question 18

Zone of physis widened in rickets

Answer 18

Hypertrophy

Question 19

Cartilage changes in aging

Answer 19

DECREASED
Water
Proteoglycan synthesis
Cell #
Chondroitin sulfate

Question 20

Type of collagen increased in early OA

Answer 20

Type X

Question 21

Shoulder arthrodesis position

Answer 21

FF 20-25 deg
Abd 15-20
IR 40-50

Question 22

Elbow arthrodesis position

Answer 22

Unilateral - 90 deg flexion

Bilateral - 110 flexion and 65 flexion

Question 23

Hip arthrodesis position

Answer 23

Flexion 25-30
Adduction 0-5
ER 5-10

Question 24

Knee arthrodesis position

Answer 24

Flexion 10-15
Valgus 0-7
ER 0-10

Question 25

Ankle arthrodesis position

Answer 25

Hindfoot valgus 5
ER 5-10
Neutral dorsiflexion

Question 26

1st MTP arthrodesis position

Answer 26

Dorsiflexion 10-15
Slight valgus
Neutral rotation

Question 27

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Answer 27

McCune-Albright

Question 28

Mixed Inheritance Diseases

Answer 28

Larsens
OI
Osteopetrosis

Question 29

Sex-linked Dominant

Answer 29

Hypophosphatemic (vit D resistant) Rickets

Question 30

x-linked Recessive

Answer 30

“Mommas boys”

• Duchenne muscular dystrophy
• Becker’s muscular dystrophy
• Hunter’s syndrome
• Hemophilia
• SED tarda

Question 31

Autosomal Recessive

Answer 31

• Diastrophic Dysplasia
• Friedreich’s Ataxia
• Gaucher disease
• Spinal muscular atrophy
• Sickle cell anemia
• Hypophosphatasia
• Vitamin D dependent rickets (Type I and II)
• Mucopolysaccharidoses (except Hunters)