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overies and fallopian tubes Flashcards

Compare and contrast the different types of benign ovarian cysts Describe the different functional disorders of the ovary Differentiate the different types of ovarian cysts and functional disorders based on clinicopathologic findings Describe the 3 groups of ovarian tumors (sex cord stromal, epithelial, and germ cell - benign, borderline and malignant) including : relative incidence, clinical findings, associations, outcomes and tumor markers (if applicable). Describe common metastasis to t

1
Q

most common benign ovarian cyst

A

folllicle/luteal cyst

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2
Q

may secrete estrogen and be assiciated with endometrial hyperplasia

A

follicle.luteal cyst

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3
Q

most common cause of ovarian enlargement during pregnancy

A

corpus luteum cyst

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4
Q

may be associated with mentrual irregulariry or rupture and hemorrhage

A

corpus luteum cysts

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5
Q

young, overweight woman with hirsustism, and anovulation

A

PCOS

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6
Q

“string of pearls” in ovarian US with stromal fibrosis

A

PCOS

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7
Q

linked to diabees and hyperinsulinemia

A

PCOS

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8
Q

most common ovarian cancer type

A

surface epithelial

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9
Q

types of ovarian surface epithelial tumors

A 
serous
mucinous
endometrioid
clear cell
crenner
cystadenofribroma
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10
Q

types of germ cell tumors

A

tetroma
dysgerminoma
endometrial sinus tunor
choricocarcinoma

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11
Q

type of sex cord/stroma tumor

A

finroma
granulosa
sertoili/leydig tumor

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12
Q

risk factors of ovarian carcinoma

A 
nulliparity
FMX
BRCA
mutation of p53
gonadal dysgenisis
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13
Q

clinical findings of ovarian tumors

A

pain, GI complaints, urinary frequency, increased abdominal girth or ascites

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14
Q

most common way ovarian tumors found

A

incidently

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15
Q

benign ovarian surface epithelial tumor

A

brenner, mucinoid (80%)

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16
Q

highly lethal malignant surface epithelial tumor

A

serous carcinoma - the worst, clear cell

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17
Q

most common benign surface epithelial tumor

A

serous cystadenoma

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18
Q

smooth surface and very little solid area surface epithelial tumor

A

serous cystadenoma

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19
Q

papillary structures, psammomma bodies

A

malignant serous ovarian tumor

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20
Q

genetics of malignant serous ovarian tumor

A

p53 or BRCA

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21
Q

way malignant serous ovarian tumor spreads

A

exfoliation and lymphatics

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22
Q

most common cause of mucous tumor

A

appendix tumour

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23
Q

defined by the precense of invasio of the surrounding tissue

A

mucinous carcinoma

24
Q

frequently bilateral tumor associated with endometriaol carcinoma

A

endometroid tumors

25
Q

highly associated with pelvic endometriousis and hypercalcemia

A

clear cell tumors

26
Q

islands of bladder-looking epithelium

A

brenner tumors

27
Q

46xx

A

mature teratoma

28
Q

young pt, asymptomatic or possibly may feel mass

A

mature teratoma

29
Q

teratomas do NOT include

A

neural elemants

30
Q

type of teratoma that may lead to hyperthyroidism

A

monodermal

31
Q

elevated AFP tumor

A

yolk sac tumor

32
Q

shiller duval bodies

A

yolk sac tumor

33
Q

ovarian tumor in very young kids

A

yolk sac

34
Q

malignant tumor very well treated with radiation

A

dysgerminoma

35
Q

occurs often in ginadal dysgenisis in 20-40 year olds

A

dysgerminoma

36
Q

benign tumor that may secrete hormones

A

sex cord stromal

37
Q

can produce hydrothorax and ascites as well as secrete estrogens and androgens

A

fibroma-thecoma

38
Q

secretes large amounts of estrogen

A

granulosa cell tumor

39
Q

call-exner bodies

A

granulosa cell tumor

40
Q

may rupture and hemorrhage, leading to emergent surgery

A

granulosa cell tumor

41
Q

androgenic tumors

A

sertoli leydig tumors

42
Q

reinke crystals

A

sertoli leydig tumors

43
Q

tumors with high lipid content

A

sertoli leydig tumors

44
Q

common primary cancers that met to ovaries

A

GI (krukenberg), breast and lung

45
Q

malignant goblet cells

A

krukenberg tumor

46
Q

tumor marker for all ovarian cancer

A

CA 125

47
Q

tumor marker in choriocarcinoma

A

b- HCG

48
Q

tumor marker in yolk sac tumor

A

AFP

49
Q

tumor marker in granulosa cell tumor

A

inhibin

50
Q

clinical use of ovarian tumor marker

A

“point to” maligancy - but not diagnostic. Used to track response to treatment and recurrence

51
Q

tubal inflammation

A

salpingitis

52
Q

most common cause of salpingitis

A

chlamydia and/or gonorrhea

53
Q

most common cause of infertility and ectopoc pregancy

A

PID

54
Q

cervival tenderness and RUQ pain

A

PID

55
Q

vast majority of tubal adenocarcinoma are what type

A

high grade serous carcinoma

GU (12 decks)

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