Exam III: Homeostasis

Question 1

4 common ways of homeostatic imbalance?

Answer 1

1. aging
2. genetic mutations
3. pathogens
4. environmental factors

Question 2

The ability of an organism to maintain its internal environment despite changes to its internal or external environment

Answer 2

homeostasis

Question 3

Detects signals or stimuli from the external environment

Answer 3

Sensory receptors

Question 4

What are the 5 general categories of sensory receptors

Answer 4

1. Mechanoreceptors
2. Thermoreceptors
3. Electromagnetic receptors
4. Nociceptors
5. Chemorecepters

Question 5

Receptors that respond to distention of tissue, organs or muscles

Answer 5

Mechanoreceptors

Question 6

Receptors that respond to changes in temp.

Answer 6

Thermoreceptors

Question 7

Receptors that respond to electromagnetic energy

Answer 7

Electromagnetic receptors

Question 8

Receptors that respond to pain

Answer 8

Nociceptors

Question 9

Receptors that respond to chemical stimuli

Answer 9

Chemoreceptors

Question 10

What are 3 ways the internal environment is maintained?

Answer 10

1. Body temp.
2. Bood volume
3. Blood pressure/ pH

Question 11

Chemicals released by neurons that diffuse across small gap to adjacent neurons or other cell types of target organ/tissue

Answer 11

neurotransmitters

Question 12

chemicals released by neurons into blood for action at distant target organ/tissue

Answer 12

Neurohormones

Question 13

chemicals secreted by cells or glands into blood for action at distant target organ/tissue

Answer 13

Hormones

Question 14

What are the 2 classes of hormones?

Answer 14

1. Lipid soluble

2. Water soluble

Question 15

Cell signaling where the chemical acts on the same cell

Answer 15

autocrine

Question 16

cell signaling where the chemical from one cell acts on adjacent cell

Answer 16

paracrine

Question 17

what are the 2 types of feedback mechanisms

Answer 17

1. positive

2. negative

Question 18

most common type of feedbach mech.

Answer 18

negative

Question 19

a process in which the body senses a change, and activates mechanisms to reverse that change

Answer 19

negative feedback

Question 20

a process that is self-amplifying where a physiological change leads to even greater change in the same direction

Answer 20

positive feedback

Question 21

When normal equilibrium of body processes are disrupted

Answer 21

Homeostatic imbalance

Question 22

What is considered moderate homeostatic imbalance?

Answer 22

1. abnormaality of structure and function

2. disease

Question 23

What is considered a severe homeostatic imbalance

Answer 23

death

Question 24

What is the difference between signs and symptoms?

Answer 24

signs= objective changes such as fever
symptoms= subjective changes such as headache