6.10-6.22 Beta and radioactivity

Question 1

What four things are released from an unstable nuclei in a random process?

Answer 1

.Beta Minus
.Positron (Beta+)
.Gamma rays
.Neutron radiation

Question 2

What are alpha beta and gamma rays all examples of?

Answer 2

Ionising radiations

Question 3

What is meant by background radiation?

Answer 3

.Weak radiation that can be detected from natural/external sources

Question 4

Give three origins of background radiation

Answer 4

.Cosmic rays
.Radiation from underground rocks
.Nuclear fallout
.Medical rays

Question 5

Give the two ways you can measure radioactivity

Answer 5

.Geiger-Muller tube

.Photographic film

Question 6

How can photographic film be used to measure radioactivity?

Answer 6

.Film goes darker when it absorbs radiation

Question 7

Give a use of photographic film and radioactivity

Answer 7

.It is worn as a badge by people who work with radiation to see how much radiation they’ve been exposed to

Question 8

How can a Geiger-Muller tube be used to detect radiation?

Answer 8

.Each tie it absorbs radiation it transmits an electrical pulse to the machine, Which produces a clicking sound

Question 9

What is an alpha particle equivalent to?

Answer 9

A helium nucleus

Question 10

What is a gamma ray?

Answer 10

Electromagnetic radiation

Question 11

What is a beta particle?

Answer 11

.An electron emitted from the nucleus

Question 12

In order of most to least ionising rank Alpha, Beta and Gamma

Answer 12

.Alpha
.Beta
.Gamma

Question 13

In order of most to least penetrating rank Alpha, Beta and Gamma

Answer 13

.Gamma
.Beta
.Alpha

Question 14

Who discovered the electron?

Answer 14

JJ Thomson

Question 15

Who said everything was made from atoms?

Answer 15

Dalton

Question 16

Who realised most of the atom was empty space?

Answer 16

Rutherford

Question 17

Who produced the final model of the atom?

Answer 17

Bohr

Question 18

Give the process of Beta- decay

Answer 18

.A neutron will turn into a proton and emit a fast moving electron

Question 19

Give the process of Beta Plus decay

Answer 19

A proton turns into a neutron and emits a fast moving positron

Question 20

Nuclei that have undergone radioactive decay often undergo what?

Answer 20

Nuclear rearrangement with a loss of energy as gamma radiation