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Pedia > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Colostrum is produced over how many days of lactation

A

First 2 days

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2
Q

Whey to casein ration in mature human milk

A

3:2

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3
Q

Type of breastmilk that is watery and high in lactose and protein

A

Foremilk

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4
Q

Type of breastmilk that is high in fat and creamy

A

Hind milk

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5
Q

Mature milk can be seen during what day of lactation?

A

10-14 days

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6
Q

Breast milk has more compared to human milk except

A

KID

Vitamin K
Iron
Vitamin D

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7
Q

Definitive test for GERD

A

Esophageal pH probe

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8
Q

GERD in infants peaks at what age and mostly resolve by what age

A

4 mos peak

Resolve by 12 months

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9
Q

Management for intractable GERD

A

Fundoplication

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10
Q

This micronutrient deficiency presents as vesiculobullous, eczematous, dry scaly or psoriasiform ledions in the perioral and perianal areas

Chronic diarrhea,stomatitis, glossitis, acrodermatitis enterohepatica

A

Zinc

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11
Q

This micronutrient deficiency present as generalized scaly dermatitis, alopecia and thrombocytopenia

A

Essential fatty acids

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12
Q

This micronutrient deficiency presents as alopecia with neurological symptoms

A

Biotin

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13
Q

These vitamin deficiency may both present as follicular hyperkeratosis

A

Vitamin A and C

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14
Q

Oval or triangular spot of keratinized epithelium in the conjunctiva in Vitamin A deficiency

A

Bitot spot

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15
Q

This content of this vitamin in human milk depends on maternal sources

A

Vitamin D

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16
Q

Disease of growing bones which occur in children only before fusion of epiphysis

A

Rickets

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17
Q

Seen in rickets, widening of the costochondral junction

A

Rachitic rosary

18
Q

Seen in rickets, softening of the cranial bones

A

Craniotabes

19
Q

Seen in rickets, horizontal depression along the anterior chest due to pulling of the softened ribs by the diaphragm during inspiration

A

Harrison groove

20
Q

Seen in rickets, valgus deformity of 1 leg with varus deformity of the other leg

A

Windswept deformity

21
Q

This type of VKDB is seen during 1-14 days of age due to decreased stores at birth, poor transfer of vitamin K across placenta

A

Early VKDB

22
Q

This type of VKDB occurs at birth due to maternal medications like warfarin, phenobarbital and phenytoin

A

Third VKDB

23
Q

Seen in scurvy, costochondral junction and depression of the sternum

A

Scorbutic rosary

24
Q 
Vitamin deficiency:
Bowlegs or knock knees
Caput quadratum, periostisl osteoid
Craniotabes
Ping pong ball sensation
Rachitic rosary, pigeon chest
Harrison groove
A

Vitamin D

25
Q

Vitamin deficiency:
White line on end of shafts
Scorbutic rosary

A

Vitamin C

26
Q

Vitamin deficiency:
Pellagra
Casal necklace
Glove and boot lesions

A

Niacin

27
Q

Vitamin deficiency:

Perieche- angular cheilosis

A

B2

28
Q 
Vitamin deficiency:
Bitot spot
Xerosis conjunctivae
Hyperostosis
Absence of metaphyseal changes
A

Vitamin A

29
Q

Deficiency in this trace element is associated with skin ulcers, reduced immunity and hypogonadal dwarfism

A

Zinc

30
Q

Irritability, pruritus, painful extremities with brawny swelling, coarse hair, dry skin, seborrhea and increased intracranial pressure occurs in this hypervitaminosis

A

A

31
Q

Most common vitamin deficiency associated with a corn based diet

A

Niacin

32
Q

In children with malnutrition, the most seriously compromised immunologic function is

A

Antibody production

33
Q

Greatest risk of undernutrition occurs during

A

The 1st 1000 days (0-24 months)

34
Q

Term for compensation in severe acute malnutrition

A

Reductive adaptation

35
Q

Diagnosis of severe acute malnutrition can be done when weight for length is below -3SD or for children 6-59 months if the midupper arm circumference is

A

<115 mm

36
Q

Hallmark of refeeding syndrome

A

Hypophosphatemia

37
Q

Obesity occurs most frequently in these ages

A

1 year old
5-6 years old
Adolescence

38
Q

Rare complication of extreme exogenous obesity in which patients have severe cardio respiratory distress, polycythemia, hypoxemia, cyanosis, CHF, somnolence

A

Pickwickian syndrome

39
Q

Pickwickian syndrome is usually seen in what genetic disease?

A

Prader Willi

40
Q

Goal of treatment in obesity

A

Weight maintenance

Weight loss for skeletally mature

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