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Pedia > Nephro > Flashcards

Nephro Flashcards

1
Q

False positive hematuria occurs in what urine pH?

A

Alkaline

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2
Q

What type of crystals can form in an acidic urine?

A

Uric acid

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3
Q

What type of crystals can form in an alkaline urine?

A

Phosphate

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4
Q

Nephrotic syndrome

PALE

A

Proteinuria
Albumin low
Lipids high
Edema

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5
Q

Most common cause of gross hematuria in the pediatric population

A

UTI

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6
Q

Documentation of prior streptococcal infection in the throat

A

ASO titer

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7
Q

Documentation of prior streptococcal infection in the skin

A

Antideoxyribonuclease B

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8
Q

Levels of what complement will decrease in PSGN

A

C3

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9
Q

C3 levels in PSGN will normalize after how many weeks

A

6-8 weeks

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10
Q

Phases of APSGN

A

Oliguric
Diuretic
Convalescent

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11
Q

What major noxious products of complement activation are produced after C3 activation

A

Anaphylatoxin

C5a

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12
Q

Best single antibody titer to document skin infection

A

DNAse B antigen

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13
Q

Causes of renal insufficiency that cause decreased C3

A

Pag wala na C3 sa jollibee, maglalakad ka na nag li-LIMPS

PSGN
MPGN
Lupus Nephritis
Infective endocarditis 
Shunt nephritis
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14
Q

Patient presents with hematuria, HTN, and signs of renal insufficiency:

History of hemoptysis and severe respiratory distress

A

Goodpasture

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15
Q

Patient presents with hematuria, HTN, and signs of renal insufficiency:

3 weeks ago with SVI
Purpuric rash most prominent at the buttocks
Pain in joints

A

Henoch Schonlein

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16
Q

Patient presents with hematuria, HTN, and signs of renal insufficiency:

History of vomiting and bloody diarrhea and fever and eating hamburger
Hepatosplenomegaly

A

HUS

17
Q

Sudden onset of gross hematuria

Febrile with URTI or GIT infection
Normal C3

A

IgA nephropathy ( Berger)

18
Q

Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria during yearly check up

Wears thick glasses and hearing aid
Has uncles with same condition

A

Alport syndrome

19
Q

Pathognomonic in Alport syndrome

A

Anterior lenticonus

20
Q

Also called benign familial hematuria

A

Thin basement membrane disease

21
Q

Treatment for minimal change disease

A

Corticosteroid therapy

22
Q

Major complication of nephrotic syndrome

A

Infection

23
Q

Most frequent type of infection in nephrotic syndrome

A

Bacterial peritonitis

24
Q

Most common organism causing peritonitis

A

Pneumococcus

25
Q

Site of pathology in MPGN

A

Subendothelial

26
Q

Diffuse thickening of glomerular capillary walls
Granular IgG and C3
Subepithelial deposits of electron dense material
Spike and dome appearance

A

Membranous GN

27
Q

Diffuse effacement of epithelial foot processes, no deposits

A

Minimal change

28
Q

Large hypercellular glomeruli
Increased mesangial matrix
Double contour or tram track appearance

A

Membranoproliferative GN

29
Q

Focal segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis

Loss of foot processes, epithelial denudation

A

FSGS

30
Q

Most common causes of UTI in children

A

E coli
Klebsiella
Proteus

31
Q

Most common serious bacterial infection in younger than 24 months

A

Pyelonephritis

32
Q

Most specific test for UTI

A

Nitrite test 98%

33
Q

Most sensitive test for UTI

A

Leukocyte esterase, nitrite or microscopy positive

34
Q

Acute cystitis treatment

A

TMP SMX

35
Q

Treatment for pyelonephritis

A

Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime
Ampi genta

36
Q

One of the most common cause of renal failure in young children

A

HUS

37
Q

Symptoms of HUS

RAT

A

Renal failure
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia

38
Q

Seen in PBS of patients with HUS

A

Schistocytes
Helmet cells
Burr cells

39
Q

Treatment for HUS

A

Supportive

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