Skeletal System

Question 1

the bones of the skull, vertebral column, thorax, and strernum

Answer 1

Axial skeleton

Question 2

bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton

Answer 2

Appendicular skeleton

Question 3

dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts, leaving only tiny spaces (lacunae) that contain the osteocytes, or bone cells

Answer 3

Compact bone

Question 4

composed of small needle like pieces of bone and lots of open space

Answer 4

Spongy bone

Question 5

typically longer than they are wide, hard, dense bones that provide strength, structure, and mobility

Answer 5

Long bones

Question 6

bones that are as wide as they are long, provide support and stability with little to no movement

Answer 6

Short bones

Question 7

extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment

Answer 7

Flat bones

Question 8

group of bones having peculiar or complex forms, such as the vertebrae

Answer 8

Irregular bones

Question 9

main or midsection (shaft) of a long bone,

Answer 9

Diaphysis

Question 10

membrane that covers the outer surface of all bones, except at the joints of long bones

Answer 10

Periosteum

Question 11

line of junction of the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone where growth in length occurs

Answer 11

Epiphyseal line

Question 12

break or splinter of the bone into more than two fragments, occur after high-impact trauma such as in vehicular accidents

Answer 12

Comminuted fracture

Question 13

occurs when the bone collapses, particularly in short bones such as the vertebrae in the spine

Answer 13

Compression fracture

Question 14

a fracture especially of the skull in which the fragment is depressed below the normal surface

Answer 14

Depressed fracture

Question 15

bone fracture in which one of the fragments is driven into another fragment

Answer 15

Impacted fracture

Question 16

a bone fracture occurring when torque (a rotating force) is applied along the axis of a bone

Answer 16

Spiral fracture

Question 17

a fracture of the bone, occurring typically in children, in which one side of the bone is broken and the other only bent

Answer 17

Greenstick fracture

Question 18

a solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues

Answer 18

Hematoma

Question 19

the skull, especially the part enclosing the brain

Answer 19

Cranium

Question 20

the bone that forms the back and base of the skull, and through which the spinal cord passes

Answer 20

Occipital bone

Question 21

the spine, formed of a number of individual bones called vertebrae and two composite bone (sacrum and coccyx)

Answer 21

Vertebral column

Question 22

each of the series of small bones forming the backbone, having several projections for articulation and muscle attachment, and a hole through which the spinal cord passes

Answer 22

Vertebrae

Question 23

vertebral disc is the shock-absorbing structure between each vertebra

Answer 23

Intervertebral discs

Question 24

seven cylindrical bones, or vertebral bodies (C1-C7), that provide support and structure for the cervical spine

Answer 24

Cervical vertebrae

Question 25

each of the twelve bones of the backbone to which the ribs are attached

Answer 25

Thoracic vertebrae

Question 26

any of the vertebrae situated between the thoracic vertebrae above and the sacrum below that in humans are five in number

Answer 26

Lumbar vertebrae

Question 27

a triangular bone in the lower back formed from fused vertebrae and situated between the two hipbones of the pelvis

Answer 27

Sacrum

Question 28

a small, triangular bone at the base of the spinal column in humans and some apes, formed of fused vestigial vertebrae

Answer 28

Coccyx

Question 29

the breastbone

Answer 29

Sternum

Question 30

the long curved bones which form the rib cage, surround the chest, enabling the lungs to expand and thus facilitate breathing by expanding the chest cavity

Answer 30

Ribs

Question 31

either of the pair of bones joining the breastbone to the shoulder blade

Answer 31

Clavicle

Question 32

either of the large, flat, triangular bones that lie against the ribs in the upper back and provide attachments for the bone and muscles of the upper arm

Answer 32

Scapulae

Question 33

long bone in your arm

Answer 33

Humerus

Question 34

one of the two large bones of the forearm, the other being the ulna, extends from the lateral side of the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ulna

Answer 34

Radius

Question 35

bone of the forearm that extends from the elbow to the wrist on the side opposite to the thumb, corresponding to the fibula of the hind limb

Answer 35

Ulna

Question 36

eight small bones that make up the wrist (or carpus) that connects the hand to the forearm

Answer 36

Carpal bones

Question 37

a bony or cartilaginous arch that supports the hind limbs of a vertebrate

Answer 37

Pelvic girdle

Question 38

the bone of the thigh or upper hind limb, articulating at the hip and the knee

Answer 38

Femur

Question 39

the inner and typically larger of the two bones between the knee and the ankle (or the equivalent joints in other terrestrial vertebrates), parallel with the fibula

Answer 39

Tibia

Question 40

the outer and usually smaller of the two bones between the knee and the ankle in humans (or the equivalent joints in other terrestrial vertebrates), parallel with the tibia

Answer 40

Fibula