Cardiovascular System

Question 1

directed toward the left hip and rests on the diaphragm, approximately at the level of the fifth intercostal space

Answer 1

Apex

Question 2

broader posterosuperior aspect from which the great vessels of the body emerge, points toward the right shoulder and lies beneath the second rib

Answer 2

Base

Question 3

the heart is enclosed by a double sac of serous membrane

Answer 3

Pericardium

Question 4

the heart has 4 chambers or cavities- 2 atria

Answer 4

Atria

Question 5

the heart has 4 chambers or cavities- 2 ventricles

Answer 5

Ventricles

Question 6

the septum that divides the heart longitudinally

Answer 6

Interatrial septum

Question 7

recieves relatively oxygen-poor blood from the veins of the body- out

Answer 7

Superior venae cavae

Question 8

recieves relatively oxygen-poor blood from the veins of the body- in

Answer 8

Inferior venae cavae

Question 9

pulmonary trunk splits into the right and left arteries, which carry blood to the lungs, where oxygen is picked and carbon dioxide is unloaded

Answer 9

Pulmonary arteries

Question 10

oxygen-rich blood drains from the lungs and is returned to the left side of the heart through the 4 pulmonary veins

Answer 10

Pulmonary veins

Question 11

blood returned to the left side of the heart is pumped out of the ehart into the aorta from which the systemic arteries branch to supply essentially all body tissues

Answer 11

Aorta

Question 12

located between the atrial and ventricular chambers on each side of the heart

Answer 12

Atrioventricular valves

Question 13

the left AV valve (biscupid/mitral valve) consists of two flaps, or cusps of endocardium

Answer 13

Bicuspid valves

Question 14

the right AV valve (tricuspid valve) has three flaps

Answer 14

Tricuspid valves

Question 15

tiny white cords that anchor the flaps to the walls of the ventricles

Answer 15

Chordae tendineae

Question 16

second set of valves that guards the bases of the two large arteries leaving the ventricular chambers

Answer 16

Semilunar valves

Question 17

branch from the base of the aorta and encircle the heart in the coronary sulcus at the junction of the atria and ventricles

Answer 17

Coronary arteries

Question 18

the mycocardium is drained by several cardiac veins which empty into an enlarged vessel on the backside of the heart

Answer 18

Cardiac veins

Question 19

empties into the right atrium

Answer 19

Coronary sinus

Question 20

crescent-shaped node located in the right atrium

Answer 20

Sinoatrial node

Question 21

spread within the muscle of the ventricle walls

Answer 21

Purkinje fibers

Question 22

the impulse spreads through the atrai to the AV node, and then the atria contract

Answer 22

Pacemaker

Question 23

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries

Answer 23

Systole

Question 24

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood

Answer 24

Diastole