steroids

Question 1

zona glomerulosa

Answer 1

mineralocorticoids

aldosterone

Question 2

zona fasciculata

Answer 2

glucocorticoids

cortisol

Question 3

zona reticularis

Answer 3

androgens, progesterone, estrogen

Question 4

cholesterol makes……

Answer 4

pregnenolone which makes cortisol

Question 5

90% of cortisol metabolites are excreted in the urine and can be measured as…….

Answer 5

17-hydroxysteroids (17-OH) and 10% in feces

Question 6

glucocorticoids net result

Answer 6

maintain an adequate glucose supply to the brain

Question 7

water effect from GS

Answer 7

sodium is absorbed

potassium and hydrogen are excreted

Question 8

prednisone
methylprednisolone
triamcinolone
dexamethasone

Answer 8

can be used for allergic disorders
systemic glucocorticoids
can also use for collagen disorders

Question 9

cerebral edema treatment

Answer 9

prednisone

Question 10

bacterial meningitis

gram - have LPS

Answer 10

dexamethasone

Question 11

hemolytic anemia

Answer 11

prednisone
triamcinolone
dexamethasone

Question 12

renal disease for younger than 16 y

Answer 12

methylprednisolone

Question 13

pulmonary sarcoidosis

Answer 13

prednisone

Question 14

respiratory distress syndrome in premature neonates

Answer 14

betamethasone

dexamethasone

Question 15

myopathy is associated with …

Answer 15

9alpha-fluorinated steriods

TRIAMCINOLONE

Question 16

salicylates

Answer 16

corticosteroids increase salicylate clearance

Question 17

fludrocortisone

Answer 17

potent steroid with both GC and MC

used to treat adrenocortical insufficiency associated with mineralocorticoid deficiency

Question 18

ACTH dependent cortisol hypersecretion

Answer 18

may occur if there is secretion of acth by a pituitary adenoma
cushing’s disease refers to a tumor in the pituitary gland releasing large amounts of ACTH that stimulate excessive release of cortisol from the adrenal gland

Question 19

ACTH independent cortisol hypersecretion

Answer 19

occurs in 18% of cushings pts

pts present with benign adrenal adenomas or adrenocortical carcinomas

Question 20

metyrapone

Answer 20

inhibits both cortisol and aldosterone

Question 21

ketoconozale

Answer 21

blocks all steroid biosynthesis by inhibiting cyp17

most effective in cushings

Question 22

Conn’s syndrome

Answer 22

increased plasma aldosterone

which results in: decreased renin, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, htn

Question 23

spironolactone

Answer 23

used to normalize potassium concentrations before surgery to remove tumors

Question 24

hyposecretion of adrenocortical hormones

Answer 24

defects in the HPA axis will result in decrease of corticosteroid release
can cause a destruction of adrenal glands, inadequate secretion of ACTH or CRH, congenital defects in steroidogenesis

Question 25

addison’s disease

Answer 25

autoimmune disease, with antibodies against adrenal antigens
hyposecretion of adrencortical hormones

Question 26

hydrocortisone

cortisone

Answer 26

preferred for initial treatment for replacement therapy for adrenocortical insuff

Question 27

cosyntropin

Answer 27

dx test to differentiate primary adrenal from secondary adrenocortical insuff

Question 28

subacute hepatic necrosis

autoimmune chronic hepatitis

Answer 28

GCs with azathioprine