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A&P 1 > Chapter 9+ chapter seven walkthrough > Flashcards

Chapter 9+ chapter seven walkthrough Flashcards

1
Q

A disorder of bone growth that causes the most Common type of dwarfism

A

Achondroplasia

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2
Q

And acute or chronic bone infection

A

Osteomyelitis

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3
Q

A rare hereditary bone disorder in which the bones become overly dense;it presence and one of three forms: osteopetrosis congenita osteopetrosis Tarda and marble bone disease

A

Osteopetrosis

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4
Q

A type of cancer that starts in the bones

A

Osteosarcoma

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5
Q

A chronic disorder that can result in Enlarged and misshapen bones due to abnormal bone destruction and regrowth

A

Paget’s disease

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6
Q

A synarthrotic joint located only between the bones of the skull The edges of the bones are interlocked and bound together at the suture by dense fibrous connective tissue

A

Suture

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7
Q

A synarthrosis that binds the teeth to bony sockets In the maxillae and mandible. The fibrous connection between a tooth and it’s socket is periodontal

A

Gomphosis

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8
Q

A ridge, cartilaginous Bridge between two articulating bones. The cartilaginous connection between the ends of the first pair of vertebrosternal ribs and manubrium Of the sternum is a synchondrosis. Another example is the epiphyseal cartilage which connects the diaphysis To the epiphysis In growing long bone

A

Synchondrosis

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9
Q

A totally rigid immovable joint created when two bones use and the boundary between them disappears. The rare frontal suture of the frontal bone the fusion of an infants left and right mandibularBones and the epiphyseal lines of Mature long bones

A

Synstosis

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10
Q

Bones are connected by a ligament. One example is the distal joint between the tibia and fibula

A

Syndesmosis

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11
Q

The Articulating bones are connected by a wedge or pad of fibrocartilage. The joint between the two pubic bones is an example

A

Symphysis

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12
Q

Joints Permit A wider range of motion then do other types of joints. They are typically located at the ends of long bones such as those of the upper limbs

A

Synovial joints

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13
Q

Have flattened or slightly curved surfaces that slide across one another but the amount of movement is very slight

A

Plane or gliding joints

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14
Q

Permit angular motion in a single plane like the opening and closing the door

A

Hinge joint

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15
Q

Have an oval articular Face nestled within a depression on the opposing side

A

Ellipsoidal joint

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16
Q

Have complex articular faces and back to gather like a rider and a saddle each face is Concave Along one axis and convex along the other

A

Saddle joints

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17
Q

Only permit rotation

A

Pivot joint

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18
Q

The round head of one bone rests with in a cup shaped depression in another

A

Ball and socket joint

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19
Q

A movement that decreases the angle between two articulating bones

A

Flexion

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20
Q

An increase in the angle between two articulating bones

A

Extension

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21
Q

Extension of a body part past the anatomical position

A

Hyperextension

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22
Q

Movement away from the midline Of the body

A

Abduction

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23
Q

The movement toward the axis or midline of the body

A

Adduction

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24
Q

A movement of us and I’ll be a joint in which the distal end of the bones in a circular directions but the shaft does not rotate

A

Circumduction

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25
Q

The anterior surface of a limb turns toward the long axis of the trunk

A

Medial rotation

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26
Q

Inflammation of the bursa over the front of the knee just above the knee cap

A

Prepatellar bursitus

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27
Q

Insertion of a narrow tube containing optical fibers and a tiny camera directly into the joint for visual examination

A

Arthroscopy

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28
Q

Bony enlargements on the proximal interphalangeal joint’s due to osteoarthritis

A

Bouchard nodes

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29
Q

Softening of cartilage as a result of strenuous activity or overuse of an injury

A

Chondromalacia

30
Q

Bony overgrowth’s on the distal interphalangeus joint’s due to osteoarthritis that cause the patient to have knobby fingers

A

Heberden nodes

31
Q

An Infectious disease transmitted to humans from the bite of a tick infected with borrelia causing flu like symptoms and joint pain

A

Lyme disease

32
Q

Inflammation of the synovial membrane

A

Synovitis

33
Q

Deposits of uric acid crystals often found around joints and usually associated with gout

A

Tophi

34
Q

Functions of the joints

A

Articulations
functional junctions between bones
Bind parts of skeletal system together
make bone growth possible
permit parts of the skeleton to change shape during childbirth
Enable body to move in response to skeletal muscle contraction

35
Q

Dense connective tissue connect bones

between bones in close contact

A

Fibrous joints

36
Q

Hyaline Cartilage or fibrocartilage connect bones

A

Cartilaginous joints

37
Q

Most complex

allow free movement

A

Synovial joints

38
Q

Immovable joint

A

Synarthotic

39
Q

Slightly movable joint

A

Amphiarthrotic

40
Q

Freely movable joint

A

Diarthrodic

41
Q

What are the three types of fibrous joints

A

Syndesmosis
Suture
Gomphosis

42
Q

A sheet or a bundle of fibrous tissue connects bones
Amphiarthrotic
Lies between tibia and fibula

A

Syndesmosis

43
Q

Between flat bones
Synarthrotic
Thin layer of connective tissue connects bones

A

Suture

44
Q

Cone shaped bony process in a socket

A

Gomphosis

45
Q

Serrate suture

A

Frontal and parietal

46
Q

Squamousal suture

A

Temporal bone and parietal

47
Q

Plane suture

A

Palatine bones

48
Q

What are the two types of cartilaginous joints

A

Synchondrosis

Symphysis

49
Q

Bands of hyaline Cartilage unite bones
Epiphyseal plate
Between manubrium And first rib
Synarthotic

A

Pads of fibrocartilage between bones
Pubis symphysis
Joint between bodies of adjacent vertebrae
Amphiarthrotic

50
Q

Resemble hyaline Cartilages

Are separated by a thin film of synovial fluid

A

Articular cartilages

51
Q

Dense and fibrous
Maybe reinforced with accessory structures
Continuous with Periosteum of bone

A

Joint capsule

52
Q

Produced at The synovial membrane
Percolates Through articular cartilages
Total quantity less then 3 mL

A

Synovial fluid

53
Q

Provide support and additional stability
Not all are included in every joint
Most are seen in the knee

A

Accessory structures

54
Q

Small pocket filled with synovial fluid
Often form in areas where tendon or ligament rubs up against other tissues
Reduce friction and acts as shock absorber

A

Bursa

55
Q

Adipose tissue covered by synovial membrane

Protect articular cartilages

A

Fat pads

56
Q

Pad of fibrous cartilage Between bones of synovial joints

A

Meniscus

57
Q

Vertebral column bending to the side

A

Lateral flexion

58
Q

Flexion At ankle joint and elevation of soul

A

Dorsiflexion

59
Q

Extension at ankle joint and elevation of heel

A

Plantar flexion

60
Q

Always refers to movements of the appendicular skeleton not axial
Movements are usually toward or away from the body midline
Four fingers or toes movements are spreading digits apart or bringing them together

A

Abduction and adduction

61
Q

Medial and lateral movement of the foot

A

Eversion/inversion

62
Q

Anterior and posterior movement of the body

A

Protraction/retraction

63
Q

Superior and inferior movement of body parts

A

Elevation/depression

64
Q

Tibiofemeral joint
Largest and most complex joint
Modified hinge joint
Flexion/extension/little rotation

A

Knee joint

65
Q

Posterior longitudinal ligament’s weekend causing more pressure on disks
Nucleus pulposus compresses distorts annulus fibrosis
Disc bulges into vertebral canal

A

Slipped disk

66
Q

Nucleus pulposus breaks through analus fibrosus

Spinal nerves are often affected

A

Herniated disc

67
Q

Movement beyond normal range of motion
Articulating surface forced out of position
Can damage joint structures
No pain from inside joint but from nerves or surrounding structures

A

Dislocation

68
Q

In adequate ossification leading to loss of bone mass
Often occurs with age beginning between ages 30 to 40
More severe in women than men

A

Osteopenia

69
Q

Bone loss sufficient to affect normal functions

A

Osteoporosis

70
Q

Damage to cartilage ligaments or tendons

Forceful twisting of joint

A

Strains and sprains

71
Q

Inflammation of the bursa or tendon

Overuse of a joint

A

Bursitis and tendinitis

72
Q

Inflamed swollen painful joints

Examples: rheumatoid arthritis osteoarthritis gout

A

Arthritis

A&P 1 (17 decks)

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