M7- infections of the upper respiratory tract Flashcards
what microbes are usually responsible for strep throat?
Group A streptococci (GAS) (15%)
- Beta-heamolytic S.pyogenes
list a few symptoms of strep throat? (viral cause)
- absence of fever
- conjunctivitis
- coryza
- cough (uncommon in GAS)
symptoms of strep throat?
symptoms
- sudden onset
- sore throat/ pain on swallowing
- fever
- patchy discrete tonsillar exudates
- tiny red spots in soft hard palate
- tender enlarged anterior cervical nodes
which fever is a severe form of strep throat?
- scarlet fever
compare the early vs late symptoms for scarlett fever ?
early
- white tongue
- swollen tonsils
- sandpaper rash
late
- red raw tongue
- prominent papillae
describe impetigo (GAS skin disease)
Impetigo (usually face)
highly contagious through contact with discharge on the face. infection immediately below surface
what is cellulitis?
deeper skin infection in the dermis
which strep penetrates into subcutaeneous tissue?
strepA
what is acute streptococcal gingivitis? (iGAS)
infected gingivae red/ swollen/ oedematous
often follows sore throat
what is toxic shock like syndrome (TSLS)
previously associated with longwear of tampons
GAS (S.pyogenes)
superantigens such as Staph.aureus and Strep.pyogenes activate what?
1 in 5 T cells
TSST-1 in particular associated with toxic shock
inappropriate immune response = death
what fever may present itself after inadequate recovery of scarlett fever?
rheumatic fever- delayed reaction due inadequate recovery from GAS
what does PSGN stand for?
Post Streptococal GlomeruloNephritis - inflammation of the glomerulus
what are the distinc charateristics of GAS?
Beta heamolytic
gram +ve or in pairs/chains
