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Weeks 7-11 > Infections of the Sensory System > Flashcards

Infections of the Sensory System Flashcards

1
Q

Which bacterial commonly cause bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Staph aureus
Haemophillus influenzae
Strep pneumoniae

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2
Q

What is used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Fusidic acid
Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol

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3
Q

How many adenovirus serotypes cause occular infections?

A

6

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4
Q

What are the clinical features of adenovirus infection?

A

Purulent conjunctivitis
Enlargement of ipsilateral periauricular lymph node
Corneal involvement - punctate keratitis

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5
Q

What pathogen causes shingles?

A

Varicella Zoster Virus

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6
Q

What are the clinical features and complications of shingles?

A 
Skin lesions
Uveitis
Ocular perforation
Retinal involvement 
Post-herpetic neuralgia
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7
Q

Which dermatome is usually affected in shingles?

A

Ophthalmic dermatome of the 5th cranial nerve

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8
Q

What is used to treat shingles?

A

Acyclovir

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9
Q

What are the clinical features and complications of HSV infections?

A 
Ulcerative blepharitis
Follicular conjunctivitis
Corneal involvement 
Dendritic ulcer (keratitis)
Corneal oedema
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10
Q

What is the treatment for repeated episodes of HSV leading to corneal scarring?

A

Corneal grafting

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11
Q

What pathogen causes river blindness?

A

Onchocerca volvulus

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12
Q

What is onchocerciasis treated with?

A

Invermectin

Doxycycline

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13
Q

What pathogen causes trachomatis?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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14
Q

What is trachomatis treated with?

A

Azithromycin

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15
Q

What pathogen causes ocular infection in late stage AIDS?

A

CMV

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16
Q

What does endopthalmitis develop after?

A

Ocular operation
Trauma
Foreign body

17
Q

Name 4 organisms commonly found in the respiratory tract

A

Bacteroides
Oral strep
Candida
Haemophillus influenzae

18
Q

Name 3 organisms that are occasionally found in the respiratory tract

A

Strep pyogenes
Strep pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitis

19
Q

Name 4 dormant organisms found in the respiratory tract

A

HSV
EBV
CMV
Mycobacterium tubeculosis

20
Q

What are the 2 main causative agents involved in the common cold?

A

Rhinovirus

Coronavirus

21
Q

Which viruses cause acute pharyngitis and tonsilitis?

A 
EBV
CMV
HSV-1
Rhinovirus
Coronavirus
Adenovirus
22
Q

How is CMV transmitted?

A

Body secretions

Organ transplants

23
Q

What drug is first line for CMV infections?

A

Ganaciclovir

24
Q

Which cells does EBV replicate in?

A

B lymphocytes

25
Q

What are unique features of glandular fever?

A

Palatal petechie
Splenomegaly
White exudate

26
Q

What are 3 complications of glandular fever?

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Gulliain-Barre syndrome

27
Q

What pathogen causes tonsilitis?

A

Strep pyogenes

28
Q

What are 5 complications of tonsilitis?

A 
Scarlet fever
Peritonsillar abscess "quinsy"
Otitis media
Rheumatic heart disease
Glomerulonephritis
29
Q

Which pathogen causes parotitis?

A

Mumps virus

30
Q

What are 2 complications of mumps virus?

A

CNS involvement

Epididymo-orchitis

31
Q

What pathogen causes acute epiglottitis?

A

Haemophillus influenzae

32
Q

What must not be done when you suspect acute epiglotitis?

A

Examine throat or take swabs as this will precipitate the airway to completely obstruct

33
Q

What pathogen causes diphtheria?

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

34
Q

What are the clinical features of diphtheria?

A

Pseudomembrane

Bullneck

35
Q

What are the clinical features of laryngitis?

A

Adults: hoarseness, retrosternal pain
Children: dry cough, inspiratory stridor

36
Q

What is the most common causative agent of otitis media?

A

RSV

others: strep pneumoniae, haemophillus influenzae

37
Q

What are the clinical features of otitis media?

A

D/V
Bulging ear drum and dilated vessels
Fluid in middle ear “glue ear”

38
Q

What pathogens cause otitis externa?

A

Staph aureus
Candida
Pseudomonas

Weeks 7-11 (22 decks)

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