Neurological clinical Assessment Flashcards
what is the munro-kelly doctrine?
cerebral partial pressure= mean arterial pressure - intracranial pressure
why would there be a fixed dilated pupil in herniation?
there is brain herniation under the falx cerebrum and over the tentorium
what would you observe in a non-communicative patient?
> posturing
focal lack of movement
eye movement
speech
what are the functions of the frontal lobe?
> voluntary control of movement > speech > saccadic eye movements > bladder control > gait > higher order
what is the function of the precentral gyrus?
voluntary control of movement
what is the function of the pars opercularis and pars triangularis?
speech
what is responsible for bladder control in the frontal lobe?
paracentral lobule
what part of the frontal lobe controls the gait?
the periventricular bit
what signs could you see in pyramidal weakness?
> UMN signs: weakness, increased tone, brisk reflexes, up going plantar
pronator drift
what part of the frontal lobe is involved in restraint and how would you examine this?
orbitofrontal cortex:
> is speech socially appropriate
> stroop test
> go-no go test
if the supplementary motor cortex (anterior cingulate) is affected what might be observed?
> lack of motivation
apathy
abulia
depression
what might happen if the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is affected?
> loose ability to make and keep appointments
loose ability to give coherent account of history
struggle to spell WORLD backwards
(> ask them to same as many words as possible with a particular letter)
which is more anterior broccas or wernicks area?
broccas
when examining language what would you check?
> fluency > nominal aphasia > repetition > 3 step command > baby hippopotamus > orofacial movement > reading > writing
what is nominal aphasia?
where there is retrieval problems with words and they cannot express the words they wish
