Functional Neurological Disorders

Question 1

what is the definition of functional disorders?

Answer 1

change in the function rather than structure of a system. symptoms not explained by a neurological disease.

Question 2

what is there often a history of in functional neurological disorder?

Answer 2

a history of abuse

Question 3

what might be seen on examination of a patient with functional neurological symptoms?

Answer 3

> inconsistency
absence of disease signs
convergence spasms in eye movements
tremor that disappears with distraction
paralysis: leg dragged, hip internally/externally rotated
fixed dystonia

Question 4

describe hoovers sign

Answer 4

hip extension is weak when tested directly. hip extension is normal when the patient is asked to flex the opposite hip

Question 5

what investigations could you carry out in functional symptoms?

Answer 5

> MRI brain scan
negative video EEG
functional MRI

Question 6

where would you refer patients with functional neurological disorders?

Answer 6

> psychiatry
physical rehabilitation
psychology for cognitive behavioural therapy