65 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is unusual about the VZV compared to all other herpesvirus’s?
Most primary infections have S&S
Causative agent of chickenpox
Varicella-Zoster Virus
- herpesvirus
- dsDNA
- Rep in nucleus
S&S of chickenpox
Assymetrical vesicular rash following dermatomal patter Pruritis lesions (often inf. with bactera)
Stages of chickenpox
2 waves of viremia
1) Rep in regional lymph node & causes viremia 4-6days post infection
2) Rep in liver/spleen & cause viremia 10-14 post infection & cause rash
Most common childhood exanthum in US
Chickenpox
Communicability of chickenpox
highly contagious via resp. droplets
-1-2 days before rash and 4-5 days after
Prodrome seen in chickenpox?
Only in older children
-fever, malaise, HA
TRX of chickenpox
Symptomatic
-no aspirin (also none for 28 days post vaccine)
VariZIG
-immunoglobin or high risk up to 4 days post exposure
Chickenpox vaccine info
Varivax - live attenuated
-12-18mo
adults/teens get 2 injections
CI:preg
Complications of varivax
Shingles (risk lower than from natural inf)
Mild post infection
Breakthrough Varicella
-2 doses reduces risk
Complications of chickenpox
GAS b hemolytic infection of lesions
Population most commonly with shingles
Adults
Cause of Shingles
Reactivation of latent VZV, must have hx of chickenpox
S&S of shingles
PAINFUL Rash (pain may precede rash) Unilateral and dermatomal vesicular rash that does not cross midline
10% of pt with shingles have ______ involv.
20% of pt with shingles have ______ involv.
- ophthalmic branch of CN5
- ocular nerves
TRX of shingles
Symptomatic
VZIG no use (as prevention or trx)
Zostavax Vaccine
preventative, live attenuated vaccine for shingles. Decreases pain and duration of infection. High viral load, not used for children, recommend >50yo. Length of efx not known.
Complication of Shingles
Post theraputic neuralgia
-more common in elderly
Human Herpes Virus 6 causes
Exanthem Subitum
Describe clinical appearance of HHV-6
High fever for 2-3 days of child that is followed by maculo-papular rose colored rash on the trunk and neck
HHV-6 Epidemiology
Common childhood viral inf.
-reactivated in immunosuppressed adults and shed in saliva
HHV-6 Description of Virus
B-herpes virus
dsDNA
Rep. in CD4+ cells
Latent in mono & lymphocytes
Should you isolate a child with HHV-6?
Not worth it
TRX/Prevention of HHV-6
None
