Upper respiratory tract infections

Question 1

define an upper respiratory tract infection

Answer 1

it is a non-specific term used to describe acute infections involving the nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi

Question 2

what is the prototype of the an upper respiratory tract infection?

Answer 2

the illness known as the common cold

Question 3

what are symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections?

Answer 3

cough
sore throat
runny nose
nasal congestion
headache
low grade fever
facial pressure
sneezing

Question 4

name the most common organisms that cause the bacteria superinfection of viral acute rhino sinusitis

Answer 4

streptococcus pneumoniae
haemophilus influenza
moraxella catarrhalis

Question 5

name the four types of bacteria that cause less than 10% of cases of acute tracheobronchitis

Answer 5

bordetella pertussis
B. parapertussis
M. pneumonia
C. pneumoniae

Question 6

what is tonsillitis?

Answer 6

inflammation of the tonsils

Question 7

what is the infection and swelling of the tonsils classed as?

Answer 7

tonsilitis

Question 8

what are tonsils?

Answer 8

oval shaped masses of lymph gland tissue located on both sides of the back of the throat

Question 9

what are symptoms of tonsillitis?

Answer 9

sore throat
fever
enlargement of the tonsils
trouble swallowing
large lymph nodes around the neck

Question 10

what is pharyngitis?

Answer 10

inflammation of the back of the throat known as the pharynx, causing a sore throat

Question 11

what does pharyngitis typically result in?

Answer 11

a sore throat and fever

Question 12

what is pharyngitis typically a type of?

Answer 12

a respiratory tract infection

Question 13

what are most cases of pharyngitis caused by?

Answer 13

a viral infection

Question 14

how is pharyngitis treated?

Answer 14

NSAIDS

and lidocaine

Question 15

what is the common cold?

Answer 15

it is a viral infection of the upper respiratory system

Question 16

what is the EB virus?

Answer 16

the Epstein-Barr virus, it is a virus in the herpes family that is best known as the cause of infectious mononucleosis

Question 17

how is the EB virus characterised?

Answer 17

it is characterised by fatigue and general malaise

Question 18

what is the EB virus also known as?

Answer 18

human herpesvirus 4

Question 19

what is glandular fever?

Answer 19

it is an infectious viral disease characterised by swelling of the lymph glands and prolonged lassitude

Question 20

what is glandular fever also called?

Answer 20

infectious mononucleosis

Question 21

name a type of viral infection that mostly affects young adults

Answer 21

glandular fever

Question 22

what are common symptoms of glandular fever?

Answer 22

a sore throat and extreme tiredness

Question 23

what is otitis?

Answer 23

it is inflammation of the ear

Question 24

how is otitis usually distinguished?

Answer 24

otitis externa
otitis media
otitis interna

Question 25

what is otitis externa?

Answer 25

inflammation of the passage of the ear

Question 26

what is otitis media?

Answer 26

inflammation of the middle ear

Question 27

what is otitis interna?

Answer 27

inflammation of the inner ear - labyrinthritis

Question 28

how is otitis media characterised?

Answer 28

by the accumulation of infected fluid in the middle ear,
bulging of the eardrum,
pain in the ear
if the eardrum is perforated
drainage of purulent material (pus) into the ear canal

Question 29

what is sinusitis?

Answer 29

inflammation of a nasal sinus

Question 30

describe sinusitis

Answer 30

inflammation of the lining membrane in any of the hollow areas pf the skull around the nose

Question 31

what may cause sinusitis?

Answer 31

it may be caused by anything that interferes with air flow into the sinuses and the drainage of mucous out of the sinuses