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Step 1 2019 First Aid Flashcards > Pharm Qs Conrad Fischer > Flashcards

Pharm Qs Conrad Fischer Flashcards

1
Q

Adapalene

A

acne - vit A topical 0.1% gel

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2
Q

Aliracumab, Evalocumab

A

PCSK9 (-)’r, used when can’t use statins, 2nd line drug for severe hyperlipidemia

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3
Q

Aflibercept

A

vs VEGF - for macular degeneration

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4
Q

Ranizumab

A

vs VEGF - for macular degeneration

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5
Q

Ranizumab is from the same class of drug as?

A

Bevacizumab

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6
Q

Rx for Paralytic Ileus? MOA?

A

Alvimopan - Mu receptor inhibitor in bowel.

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7
Q

Apremilast

A

PDE4 (-)’r used for plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis

Inc cAMP = dec inflammation

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8
Q

Other Rx that inhibit the same enzyme as Apremilast?

A

Theophylline - (-) PDE

Dypiridymole, Cilostazole - (-) PDE in platelets, dec platelet aggregation, cause VD

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9
Q

Drug that (-) C diff toxin?

A

Bezlotoxumab

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10
Q

Drugs for CLL:

Which Rx is vs CD52, also used for what other disease

A

Alemtuzumab, Hairy Cell leukemia & MS

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11
Q

CLL Rx vs Bruton’s tyrosine kinase

A

Ibrutinib

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12
Q

CLL Rx vs Phosphatidyl inositol kinase

A

Idelasib, vs P110δ, the delta isoform of the enzyme phosphoinositide 3-kinase

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13
Q

CLL Rx vs CD20

A

Ocrelizumab - also in MS
Ofatumumab
Obinutuzumab

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14
Q

CLL rx vs BCL2

A

Venetoclax

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15
Q

Paratumumab - which disease, MOA, and used with which other Rx?

A

used in Multiple myeloma, anti CD 38 IgG

Used with Lenalidomide & Dexamethasone

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16
Q

Helps in COPD with drooling, and inc BD? MOA?

A

Glycopyrrolate, mACh-R (-)’r

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17
Q

Rx - Reversal of a direct thrombin inhibitor?

A

Idarucizumab - reverses Dabigatran

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18
Q

Heart Rx that is anti-anginal, inhibits Na funny channels? When is it used?

A

Ivabradin.
CHF - Used when EF <35%, and HR >70 when already on ACE< BB and mineralocorticoid (-)’r
Or in Angina when can’t use BB

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19
Q

SE of Ivabradin?

A

Luminous phenomena/visual brightness - bc same Na funny channels are in the eye
hypertension, bradycardia.

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20
Q

Ivacaftor/Lumacaftor ?

A

used to treat people with cystic fibrosis who have the F508del mutation in CFTR.

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21
Q

Rx vs IL-17? used in what disease? (3)

A 
Ixekizumab
Secukinumab
Brodalumab
used in plaque psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis
used when MTX and TNF alpha Rx fail
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22
Q

Secukinumab is also used in what other disease? Instead of what drug?

A

Ankylosing spondylitis, used over Etanercept (TNF inhibitor)

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23
Q

Lesinurad

A

used in Gout - dec uric acid levels, bc (-) renal absorption of uric acid

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24
Q

Rx vs CD25 used in MS?

A

Daclizumab

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25
Q

Rx that speeds up walking in MS?

A

Dalfampridine (4-Aminopyridine)

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26
Q

MS rx that will inhibit lymphocyte release?

A

Fingolimod (oral) - sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator, which sequesters lymphocytes in lymph nodes, preventing them from contributing to an autoimmune reaction.

27
Q

Dimethyl fumarate

A

oral MS and psoriasis drug

28
Q

Teriflunomide

A

oral MS drug, which is the active metabolite of leflunomide,

inhibiting pyrimidine de novo synthesis by blocking the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.

29
Q

2 rx used in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

A

Nintdanib, Pirfenidone - tyrosine kinase inhibitor vs vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR).

30
Q

Nivolumab

A

human IgG4 anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody
Used in Inoperable or metastatic melanoma following treatment of ipilimumab
It is also used to treat metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer with progression with or after platinum-based drugs. (Cisplantin)
2nd line rx - renal cell carcinoma after anti-angiogenic treatment has failed.

PD-1 is a protein on the surface of activated T cells. If another molecule, called programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 or programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L1 or PD-L2), binds to PD-1, the T cell becomes inactive. This is one way that the body regulates the immune system, to avoid an overreaction.[7] Many cancer cells make PD-L1, which inhibits T cells from attacking the tumor. Nivolumab blocks PD-L1 from binding to PD-1, allowing the T cell to work.

31
Q

Obeticholic acid

A

Primary biliary cholangitis - Farsenoid X receptor agonist - anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic

32
Q

Rx vs IL-2? Used in which disease?

A

Aldesleukin, used in RCC and metastatic melanoma

33
Q

Patiromer

A

will bind K in the bowel, releases Ca in exchange - used for hyperkalemia, but not for acute lowering of it. Allows use of ACE/ARBs when they might increase K+, dec progression of potential renal failure
- keeps pt off dialysis

34
Q

Pimavanserin

A

5HT(-)’r - used in Parkinson’s, no issue with inc dopamine induced psychosis
SE// Can prolong QT

35
Q

Riociguat

A

primary pulmonary HTN - GC (+)’r = pulm art VD

36
Q

Sacubitril

A

used in CHF - Nephrilysin (-)’r, added to ARB esp valsartan, Dec mortality, NOT added to ACE (-)’r

37
Q

Selexipag

A

prostacyclin receptor agonist - primary pulmonary HTN, oral pulm art VD

38
Q

Talimogene

A

used in Melanoma (when it can’t be operated on - is injected directly into it - oncolytic virus HSV genetically modified)

39
Q

Teduglutide

A

Used in Short Bowel syndrome, GLP analogue (glucagon like peptide 2 - GLP2)

40
Q

Ustekinumab

A

(-) IL 12 & 23, used in psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis

41
Q

Vedolizumab

A

alpha integrin (-)’r, will (-) lymphocytes in peyer’s patches. used in drug resistant IBS

42
Q

Velpatasvir

A

used in Hep C with Sofosbuvir with HIV or cirrhosis

43
Q

Vorapaxar

A

used in Peripheral Art Disease, antiplatelet thrombin-R (-)’r

44
Q

Imatinib

A

bcr-abl and c-kit tyrosine kinase inhibitor

used in CLL, CML , GI stromal tumors (c-kit)

45
Q

Letrozole, Anastrozole

A

aromatase (-)’r, lowers level of estrogen used in breast cancer in post menopausal women

46
Q

Tamoxifen

A

Blocks estrogen-R

47
Q

Rituximab

A

vs CD20, used in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, CLL, rheumatoid arthritis, ITP

48
Q

Anakinra

A

interleukin 1 (IL1) receptor antagonist. used in RA

49
Q

Abatacept

A

Abatacept binds to CD80/CD86, (-) co stimulatory signal to activate T cells. used in RA

( In order for a T cell to be activated and produce an immune response, an antigen presenting cell must present two signals to the T cell. One of those signals is the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), combined with the antigen, and the other signal is the CD80 or CD86 molecule (also known as B7-1 and B7-2). Abatacept binds to the CD80 and CD86 molecule, and prevents the second signal. Without the second signal, the T cell can’t be activated.)

50
Q

Leflunomide

A

Used in RA instead of MTX, inhibits dihydroorotate

dehydrogenase (stops pyrimidine synthesis)

51
Q

Pramipexole, Cabergoline, Ropinirole

A

dopamine agonist, used in Restless leg syndrome and Parkinson’s

52
Q

Epoprostenol

A

pulmonary HTN

53
Q

Bosentan

A

pulmonary HTN, Competitively antagonizes ENdothelin-1 receptors pulmonary vascular resistance

SE// Hepatotox, monitor LFTs

54
Q

ATRA (all trans retinoic acid)

A

Acne, AML

55
Q

Daptomycin, Linezolid

A

used in MRSA
Daptomycin - Lipopeptide that disrupts cell membranes of gram ⊕ cocci by creating transmembrane channels.
Linezolid - (-) prot synthesis @ ribosome 50S subunit

56
Q

Eplerenone

A

CHF - major SE// INC K+ > gynecomastia

57
Q

Montelukast

A

Asthma

SE//Churg Strauss

58
Q

Prasozosin, Tamsulosin

A

BPH SE//Orthostatic HTN

59
Q

Finasteride, Dutasteride

A

5 alpha reductase (-)’r, Testosterone –> DHT

60
Q

Bethanochol

A

Activates bowel and bladder smooth muscle; resistant to AChE, no nicotinic activity.

61
Q

Artesunate, Artemether

A

severe malaria

62
Q

Foscarnet -

A

Viral DNA/RNA polymerase inhibitor and HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Binds to pyrophosphate-binding site of enzyme.
CMV retinitis

63
Q

Antithymocyte globulin

A

Used in pancytopenia (aplastic anemia)

Step 1 2019 First Aid Flashcards (63 decks)

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