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Endocrinology > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

A

GnRH
FSH and LH secretion
Hypothalamus

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2
Q

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone

A

TRH
TSH secretion
Hypothalamus

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3
Q

Corticotropin-releasing hormone

A

CRH
ACTH secretion
Hypothalamus

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4
Q

Dopamine

A

DA
Prolactin secretion
Hypothalamus

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5
Q

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) release inhibiting factor

A

MIF^b
MSH secretion
Hypothalamus

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6
Q

Somatostatin

A

SST
GH secretion
Hypothalamus

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7
Q

Growth hormone releasing hormone

A

GHRH
GH secretion
Anterior pituitary

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8
Q

Oxytocin

A

OT
Milk secretion, uterine contraction
Posterior pituitary

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9
Q

Vasopressin (argenine vasopressin) or antidieuretic hormone

A

AVP ADH
Renal water absorption, vasoconstriction
Posterior pituitary

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10
Q

Melanin concentrating hormone

A

MCH
Melanosome aggregation
Posterior pituitary

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11
Q

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

A

MSH
Integumental melanogenesis, melanosome dispersion
Posterior pituitary

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12
Q

Follicle stimulating hormone (follitropin)

A

FSH
Female: ovarian follicle growth, estradiol synthesis
Male: spermatogenesis
Anterior pituitary

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13
Q

Lutenizing hormone (lutropin)

A

LH
Female: Ovulation, ovarian estradiol and progesterone synthesis
Male: testicular adrogen synthesis
Anterior pituitary

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14
Q

Prolactin

A

PRL
Milk synthesis, corpus luteum progesterone synthesis in some species
Anterior pituitary

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15
Q

Thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone)

A

TSH
Thyroid hormone (t4 and t3) synthesis and secretion
Anterior pituitary

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16
Q

Adrenocorticotropin (adrenal cortical stimulating hormone)

A

ACTH
Adrenal steroidogenesis
Anterior pituitary

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17
Q

Growth hormone

A

GH
Hepatic somatomedin (IGF-I, II) biosynthesis
Anterior pituitary

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18
Q

Thyroxine

A

t4
Growth, differentiation, calorgenesis ( increases metabolic rate and oxygen consumption)
Thyroid

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19
Q

Triiodothyronine

A

T3
Same as T4
Thyroid

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20
Q

Cortisol

A

Carbohydrate metabolism, sympathetic function

Adrenal cortex

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21
Q

Corticosterone

A

Carbohydrate metabolism, sympathetic function

Adrenal cortex

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22
Q

Aldosterone

A

Sodium retention

Adrenal cortex

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23
Q

Epinephrine

A

E
Multiple up and down effects on nerves, muscles, cellular secretions and metabolism
Adrenal medulla

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24
Q

Norepinephrine

A

NE
Generally same physiological roles as epinephrine
Adrenal medulla

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25
Q

Estradiol

A

E2
Female sexual development and behavior
Preluteal follicle of ovary

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26
Q

Progesterone

A

Uterine and mammary gland growth, maternal behavior

Corpus luteum of ovary

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27
Q

Relaxin

A

Relaxation of pubic symphasis and dilation of uterine cervix
Corpus luteum of ovary

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28
Q

Chorionic gonadotrophin

A

CG
Corpus luteum progesterone synthesis
Placenta

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29
Q

Placental lactogen

A

PL
Possibly fetal growth and development, mammary gland development in the mother
Placenta

30
Q

Testosterone

A

Male sexual development and behavior

Testes (leydig)

31
Q

Inhibin

A

Pituitary FSH secretion

Testes (sertoli)

32
Q

Anti-Müllerian Hormone

A

AMH
Müllarian duct regression (atrophy), Gonadal development
Testes (sertoli)

33
Q

Thymic hormones

A

Proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes

Thymus

34
Q

Insulin

A

Blood glucose, up protein, glycogen, and fat synthesis

Pancratic islets

35
Q

Glucagon

A

Blood glucose, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis

Pancreatic islets

36
Q

Somatostatin

A

SST
Secretion of other pancreatic islet hormones
Pancreatic islets

37
Q

Pancreatic polypeptide

A

PP
Secretion of other pancreatic islet hormones
Pancreatic islets

38
Q

Gastrin

A

HCL secretion

GI

39
Q

Secretin

A

Pancreatic acinar cell fluid (bicarbonate) secretion

GI

40
Q

Cholecystokinin

A

CCK
Pancreatic acinar cell enzyme secretion, gall bladder contraction
GI

41
Q

Gastic inhibitory peptide

A

GIP
Gastric acid (HCL) secretion, Insulin secretion
GI

42
Q

Vasoactive intestinal peptide

A

VIP
Intestinal secretion of electrolytes, smooth muscle relaxation
GI

43
Q

Glucagon-like-peptide 1

A

GLP-1
Insulin secretion
GI

44
Q

Motilin

A

Gastric acid secretion, villous motility

GI

45
Q

Neurotensin

A

NT
Enteric neurotransmitter
GI

46
Q

Substance P

A

SP
Enteric neurotransmitter
GI

47
Q

Gastrin-releasing peptide

A

GRP
Gastrin secretion, gastric acid secretion
GI

48
Q

Parathormone (ultimobrachial glands)

A

PTH
Blood calcium, blood phosphate
Parathyroid

49
Q

Calcitonin

A

CT
Blood calcium
Parathyroid

50
Q

Vitamin D3

A

Blood calcium, intestinal calcium absorption, renal calcium reabsorption
Skin, liver, kidney

51
Q

Angiotensin II

A

AII
Vasoconstriction, aldosterone secretion, thirst
Plasma angiotensinogen

52
Q

Erythropoietin

A

EP
Erythropoiesis
Kidney

53
Q

Prostaglandins

A

PGE2, PGF2a
Second messanger formation
All tissues

54
Q

Prostacyclins

A

PGI2
Second messanger formation
All tissues

55
Q

Thromboxanes

A

TXA2
Second messanger formation
All tissues

56
Q

Leukotrienes

A

LTE4
Second messanger formation
All tissues

57
Q

Epithelial growth factor

A

EGF
Epithelial cell proliferation
Various

58
Q

Fibroblast growth factor

A

FGF
Fibroblast proliferation
Various

59
Q

Nerve growth factor

A

NGF
Neurite development
Various

60
Q

Somatomedins

A

IGF-I, II
Cellular growth and proliferation
Various

61
Q

Endorphins (enkephalins)

A

Opiate-like activity

Various

62
Q

Atrial natriuretic factor (atriopeptin)

A

ANF
Renal salt and water diuresis
Heart

63
Q

Things that cause release of GHRH

A

Sleep
Hypoglycaemic
Stress
Ghrelin

64
Q

Things that cause release of somatostatin

A

Aging
Disease
Glucose

65
Q

How are MSH and ACTH similar

A

The first 13 amino acids of ACTH are MSH

66
Q

Glycoprotein structure

A

Covalently bound, carbohydrate moieties

67
Q

Where are POMC cleaved

A

In secretory vesciles

68
Q

Paracrine/autocrine

A

Hormone diffuses to its adjacent target cells through the intermediate extracellular space

69
Q

Neurocrine

A

Hormone released into the synaptic cleft by axonal extensions

70
Q

Lumonal

A

Hormone released to the lumen of the gut

71
Q

Growth factors

A

Hormones controlling proliferation and death

Thymosins, trophic factors, endogenous mitotic factors

Endocrinology (9 decks)

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