Chapter 3

Question 1

In order to identify communities, this method relied on identifying central locators, such as businesses, churches, and schools, and then drawing the community’s boundary lines by finding those living the furthest away who still use those services.

Answer 1

The Chicago Schol technique

Question 2

Tonnies distinguished between the local community versus the larger society. What was his term for larger society?

Answer 2

larger society=gesellschaft

Question 3

Tonnies distinguished between the local community versus the larger society. What was his term for the local community?

Answer 3

local community-gemeinschaft

Question 4

It is important for community policing officers and police executives to be able to identify where a community exists within their jurisdiction. This is essential for assignment of officer, the collection of information about citizen needs;and the provision of community services. A community may be marked by the following features: (6)

Answer 4

1. The presence or absence of businesses
2. The location of churches, schools, community associations, or neighborhood centers
3. Residential groupings and points of transition from single-family to multi-family units or apartments
4. Homogeneity of economic, occupational, or ethnic characteristics
5. Physical characteristics like railroads, streets, parks, and gated residences, or
6. A collection of shared interest

Question 5

This stampeded white homeowners intoselling homes of because of the fear that African-American failed moving in would inevitably cause property values to plunge

Answer 5

Blockbusting

Question 6

Economic shifts have contributed to a growing underclass in American society. How many Americans now live in poverty.

Answer 6

more than 43 millions

Question 7

The book mentions certain factors that ruptured the ties between geography and community:

Answer 7

1. Economic changes (particularly the outsourcing of labor & the inequity of the distribution of materials)
2. Dislocation wrought by globalization and greed

Question 8

The book mentions 3 types of affordable technology that allows those with sufficient resources to make bonds based on a community of interest without regard for geography or mutual dependency: (3)

Answer 8

1. automobile
2. telephone
3. Internet

Question 9

The book mentions three businesses that have driven locally owned and operated business out of existence (in regards to the destruction of community economics and sense of community): (3)

Answer 9

1. fast-food chains
2. mall-like department stores
3. multinational oil companies

Question 10

Our tolerance for diversity and our ability to solve human problems have been limited by: (2)

Answer 10

1. reliance on formal social institutions

2. a growing alienation from community

Question 11

Not only has Americans society become stratified in this three-tiered hierarchy (under and lower, middle and upper class), communities have also changed because of fairly recent emergence of these:

Answer 11

Planned communities

Question 12

Planned communities upset the natural balance, whether it is low-income public housing or an upscale enclave. What do all planned communities have in common?

Answer 12

Their rapid appearance thrusts large numbers of people together who have no history.

Question 13

Part of the challenge for community policing is to help revive the idea that those who live in the same area can improve the quality of community life by understanding how they share this:

Answer 13

a community of mutual interests

Question 14

Unless fear is channeled into positive change, it can degenerate into: (3)

Answer 14

1. apathy
2. social isolation
3. vigilantism and rioting

Question 15

Several cities have experienced a sometimes violent resistance to the movement of upper-middle class residents into traditionally lower in working-class areas, that is, the process that has been referred to as:

Answer 15

Gentrification

Question 16

Regardless of the neighborhood, any new community policing effort starts with face-to-face meetings with these people:

Answer 16

Average citizens

Question 17

If only one lesson is to be learned from our examination of community it is that these make communities.

Answer 17

1. social interactions

2. processes

Question 18

Policing can no longer afford to use arrest rates, service calls, crime rates, and the issuance of traffic tickets as the measure of their success: they must begin to measure:

Answer 18

1. the attributes of the community

2. community interaction

Question 19

Many community policing efforts specifically tart the most vulnerable singling them out for protection offers the promise of encouraging everyone to participate. Who is considered the most vulnerable?

Answer 19

1. elderly
2. women
3. children
4. Minorities

Question 20

This is a welcome by-product of community policing is and it remain a major barrier in developing a true sense of community.

Answer 20

Improved race relations

Question 21

The University of Chicago’s Albert Hunter argued that these help identify what he called the “natural community”.

Answer 21

Both language and shared symbols

Question 22

These offer Police Departments a way to listen to their citizens and hear what is being said about that apartment, crime, the quality of life, and events. They also offer the department the ability to shape the conversation.

Answer 22

Social media tools

Question 23

This is a communicative network of people who interact through technologies for social purposes and to exchange information and ideas about mutual interests.

Answer 23

A virtual community

Question 24

These can provide virtually unlimited access to large number of users. Reports and notifications can be archived, and links to other agencies and resources can make volumes of information easily accessible.

Answer 24

Web portals

Question 25

These have the potential to become virtual communities where people gather online to participate in a community of interest.

Answer 25

Web forums

Question 26

This offers a potentially powerful tool for providing a secure environment for sharing information. Designed to facilitate collaboration. Groove provides a law enforcement agency with the ability to invite specific users into a secure vital workspace.

Answer 26

Microsoft Office Groove