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Upper Limb > Breast > Flashcards

Breast Flashcards

1
Q

Which lymph nodes recieve 75% of breast lymph

A

Axillary Lymph Nodes

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2
Q

Which lymph nodes recieve 20% of breast lymph

A

Parsternal group of lymph nodes

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3
Q

Which lymph nodes recieve 5% of breast lymph

A

Intercostal group of lymph nodes

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4
Q

What do the Humeral (lateral) lymph nodes drain

A

Recieve all lymph from the upper limb, except those accompanying the cephalic vein

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5
Q

Where are the Pectoral (anterior) lymph nodes

A

Around lateral thoracic vein at the inferior border of the Pec. minor

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6
Q

What do the Pectoral (anterior) lymph nodes drain

A

Receive lymph from
Superolateral part of breast
Subareolar plexus of the breast

Receive most lymph of breast

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7
Q

Where are the subscapular (posterior) nodes found

A

Around the subscapular vessels

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8
Q

What do the Subscapular (Posterior) nodes drain

A

Lymph from the posterior thoracic wall and the scapular region

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9
Q

Where are the Central Axillary nodes located

A

Deep to pectaloris minor

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10
Q

What do the Centrail Axillary Nodes drain

A

Lymph from all efferent axillary vessels (except those of Apical nodes)

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11
Q

Where are the Apical Axillary Lymph nodes located

A

At the first part of the axillary artery

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12
Q

What do the Apical Axillary Lymph nodes drain

A

All axillary nodes

Nodes that accompany the cephalic vein

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13
Q

Route of lymphatic vessels going through the apical axillary lymph nodes

A

Traverse cervico-axillary canal

Vessels then unite to form the Subclavian Lymphatic Trunk

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14
Q

What is Sappey’s Plexus

A

The lymphatic plexus made up of the nipple and areolar

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15
Q

Where is the parasternal group of lymph nodes

A

Aterior spaces of intercostal spaces along internal thoracic artery

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16
Q

What does the parasternal group of lymph nodes drain

A

Medial convexivity of breast

17
Q

Where is the intercostal group of lymph nodes located

A

Along the intercostal vessels

18
Q

What are some of the characteristics of the shape of the female breast

A 
Size of base is fairly constant
Proturberant
Hemispherical
Conical in young females
Pendulous in older females
19
Q

What is the position of the breast

A

Extend from 2nd to 6th ribs vertically
Extend from 4th intercostal cartilage to near mid-axillary line horizontally
2/3 on Pec. Major and its fascia
1/3 on Serratus Anterior and External Oblique

20
Q

What is the superolateral part of the breast called

A

Axillary tail of Spence

21
Q

What is the size of the areolar

A

1-2cm in diameter

22
Q

What does the areolar contain

A

Areolar sebaceous glands of Montgomery

Secrete an oily substance

23
Q

What is the nipple called

A

Mammary papilla

24
Q

What is the level of the nipple in nulliparous females

A

At level of 4th intercostal space

25
Q

Where do the lactiferous ducts open

A

Into the mammary papillae (nipple)

26
Q

What is the name of the area that the entire breast is placed in

A

Retromammary Space (Superficial fascia)

27
Q

How many lobes of glandular tissue are there

A

5-20

28
Q

Describe (histologically) the lobes of glandular tissue

A

Tubulo-alveolar type

Fibrous connective tissue separates adjacent lobes

29
Q

What are the attachments of the Suspensory ligaments of Cooper

A

Fibrous processes of deep fascia

Skin & papilla

30
Q

What is the function of the Suspensory ligaments of Cooper

A

Support the glandular lobes

31
Q

What drains the lobules of breast tissue

A

Lactiferous ducts

32
Q

What are the dilations below the areolar area called and what do they do

A

Lactiferous Sinuses

Store milk

33
Q

What is the arterial supply of the breast

A

Medial side from 2nd to 4th intercostal space:
Perforating branches of Internal Thoracic artery

Braches of 3rd - 5th Intercostal Arteries

Pectoral branches of Thoracoacromial artery

Lateral Thoracic Artery

Subscapular Artery

2nd, 3rd, 4th Posterior Interostal Arteries (which come from thoracic aorta)

34
Q

Describe the venous drainage of the breast

A

Aanstomatic drainage around nipples (circulus venosus) feeds into axillary and Internal Thoracic Veins via Intercostal Veins

35
Q

Nerve supply of the breast

A

Lateral and Anterior Cutaneous branches of 3rd - 6th Intercostal nerves

36
Q

What is the significance of the nerve supply to the breast

A

Sympathetic motor fibres go to blood vessels and smooth muscles. Also the nervous plexus around the nipple is important in suckling

Upper Limb (10 decks)

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