Gynaecology - Incontinence Flashcards
1
Q
Stress Incontinence
What is it?
A
- Urine is lost by any movement that increases intra-abdominal pressure
- Aggravating factors include pregnancy, obesity , COPD
2
Q
Stress Incontinence?
Investigations?
A
- Urinalysis
- Post void residual volume
- Urodynamic testing
- Endoscopic tests
- Radiology: x-ray, USS
3
Q
Stress Incontinence?
Treatment?
A
- Patient Education: weight loss, smoking cessation etc
- 1st line - kegel pelvic floor exercises
- Medical - Oestrogen may be given to post menopausal women
- Surgery: urethropexy, bladder neck suspension surgery (Burch & sling procedure)
4
Q
Urge Incontinence?
What is it?
A
- Too much contraction
- Urine lost by over contraction of the detrusor muscle
- Maybe be due to neoplasms, nerve damage: ie MS, stroke, Parkinson’s
5
Q
Urge Incontinence?
Investigations?
A
- Urinalysis
- Post void residual volume
- Urodynamic testing
- Endoscopy testing
- Radiology: x-ray, USS
6
Q
Urge Incontinence?
Treatment?
A
- Coservative: Patient education
- Anticholinergic meds (oxybutynin)
- Treat underlying conditions
7
Q
Overflow Incontinence?
What is it?
A
Too little contraction
Happens due to a marked increase in bladder residual volume
Bladder usually fuul, hence leaks
8
Q
Overflow Incontinence?
Investigations?
A
Urinalysis
Post void residual volume
Urodynamic testing
Radiology: x-rayy, USS
9
Q
Overflow Incontinence?
Treatment?
A
Conservative: Patient education etc
Intermittent catheterisation
Bethanechol (cholinergic) may improve detrusor muscle
