Antibiotic Resistance

Question 1

Intrinsic resistance:

• anaerobes to _______
• gram negatives to _________
• aspergillus to ________

Answer 1

• aminoglycosides
• vancomycin
• amphotericin B

Question 2

• mutation and natural selection

- new genes, via plasmids, transposons, or phages

Answer 2

acquired resistance

Question 3

mechanism of drug resistance:

-________ altered in staph aureus resistance to penicillin

Answer 3

penicillin binding proteins

Question 4

drug resistance: decreased _____ permeability in gram negatives

Answer 4

porin

Question 5

• solitary skin abscess, usually assoc’d with hair follice
• I&D, no need for abx
• gram (+) cocci in clusters
• concern for MRSA

Answer 5

staph aureus

Question 6

best initial treatment for staph aureus?

Answer 6

vancomycin

Question 7

-honey crust lesions (impetigo) most likely caused by?

Answer 7

group A strep pyogenes

Question 8

group A strep on gram stain?

Answer 8

gram (+) cocci in chains

Question 9

GAS infections are sensitive to _______

Answer 9

penicillin

Question 10

• rapidly appearing bullae
• hypotension
• due to what bug?

Answer 10

superantigen TSS1

Question 11

_____ will kill TSS1 toxin, inhibiting the bacterial ribosomes

Answer 11

clindamycin

Question 12

• WBC casts
• leukocyte esterase positive
• gram (-) rod

Answer 12

EColi urinary infection

Question 13

drug used to treat EColi UTI?

Answer 13

sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim

Question 14

-patients w/ cystic fibrosis

get this organism

Answer 14

pseudomonas

Question 15

treatment for pseudomonas?

Answer 15

antipseudomonal penicillin, or aminoglycoside (tobramycine, gentamycin)

Question 16

• mediastinal widening
• gram (+) rod
• spores, vegetative form infectious

Answer 16

bacillus

Question 17

treatment for bacillus?

Answer 17

high dose penicillin or cipro

Question 18

treatment for C diff?

Answer 18

metronidazole