GORD and Dysmotility Flashcards
what are the causes of GORD
incompetent LOS, poor oesophageal clearance, barrier function/ visceral sensitivity
what are the symptoms of GORD
heartburn acid reflux waterbrash (a sudden flow of saliva) dysphagia odynophagia (painful swallowing) weight loss chest pain hoarseness coughing
how can gord and dysmotility be investigated
endoscopy,
barium swallow
oesophagael manometry and pH studies,
Nuclear studies
what are the alarm symptoms in dyspepsia
dysphagia, weight loss, anaemia, vomiting, FH of UGI cancer, barretts, pernicious anaemia
what is the pathogenesis of adenocarcinoma
reflux, oesophagitis (reversible), barretts (irreversible), adenocarcinoma
what lifestyle modifications will help reflux symptoms
stop smoking,
lose weight,
prop up bed head,
avoid provoking factors
what drugs relieve symptoms but have no benefit in healing or preventing complications
antacids
name two H2 antagonist that can relive symptoms
cimetidine, ranitidine
name a type of drug that can relive symptoms and help in healing
PPI (proton pump inhibitors): omeprazole, lansoprazole
what is nissen fundoplication and what is its purpose
surgery for reflux:
controls symptoms, heals oesophagitis
how is dysplasia managed
PPI, endoscopic mucosal resection, radiofrequency abalation, argon
what is gastroparesis
delayed gastric emptying with no physical obstruction
what are the symptoms of gastroparesis
feeling of fullness, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, upper abdominal pain
causes of gastroparesis
idiopathic, diabetes mellitus, cannabis, medication (opiates, anticholinergics), systemic disease
how is gastroparesis managed
removal of precipitating factors (drugs), liquid/ sloppy diet, eat little and often, promotility agents, gastric pacemaker
