Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exam 4-DWB > HIV adults > Flashcards

HIV adults Flashcards

1
Q

Clinical manifestations of adult HIV: early signs

A
  1. generalized lymphadenopathy
  2. unexplained weight loss
  3. recurrent respiratory infections
  4. shingles
  5. oral sores
  6. angular cheilitis
  7. rashes such as pruritic papules, seborrhea, fungal nail infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Overall clinical manifestations of adult HIV

A
  1. unexplained chronic diarrhea
  2. persistent fever
  3. persistent oral candidiasis
  4. oral hairy leukoplakia
  5. pulmonary tuberculosis
  6. joint infections
  7. unexplained anemia, neutropenia, chronic thrombocytopenia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

AIDS-defining illnesses

A
  1. opportunistic infections such as kaposi’s sarcoma
  2. HIV encephalopathy
  3. lymphoma
  4. invasive cervical carcinoma
  5. nephropathy and cardiomyopathy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Determining treatment for HIV in adults

A

perform genotypic testing and drug resistance testing prior to onset of therapy and again when ready to start treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

goals of HIV treatment in adults

A
  1. reduce HIV-related morbidity
  2. balance duration and QOL
  3. restore and preserve immunologic function
  4. suppress HIV viral load {maximal and durable}
  5. prevent HIV transmission
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tools to achieve treatment goals for HIV

A
  1. select antiretroviral regimen

2. maximize adherence {if cant comply completely then don’t treat because risk of resistance}

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Improving adherence of antiretroviral meds

A
  1. support and reinforce
  2. creat simplified dosing strategies
  3. use reminders, alarms, timers, pillboxes, etc.
  4. provide ongoing pt education
  5. cultivate trust in PCP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when to start antiretroviral therapy

A
  1. no exact CD4 count dictates initiation of therapy

2. current recommendation is for ART for all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Recommendation for initiating ART

A
  1. give to all HIV-infected to reduce disease progression

2. for prevention of HIV transmission {especially in pregnant women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Benefits of early ART

A
  1. may prevent HIV-related end-organ-damage
  2. may potentially decrease risk of may complications
  3. prevention of perinatal and partner transmission
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Complications of HIV

A
  1. HIV-associated nephropathy
  2. LIver disease progression from hep B or C
  3. cardiovascular disease
  4. malignancies (AIDS-defining and non-AIDS-defining)
  5. neurocognitive decline
  6. blunted immunological response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

considerations of deferral of ART

A
  1. low CD4 count, consider deferral only in unusual situations and with close follow-up
  2. with significant barriers to adherence
  3. comorbidities that complicate or prohibit therapy
  4. subgroup of long-term nonprogressors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Current classes of ARV medications

A
  1. NRTI
  2. NNRTI
  3. PI
  4. Integrase Inhibitors (II)
  5. Fusion inhibitor
  6. CCR5 Antagonist
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

NRTI medications

A
  1. abacavir (ABC)
  2. didanosine (ddI)
  3. emtricitabine (FTC)
  4. lamivudine (3TC)
  5. Stavudine (d4T)
  6. tenofovir (TDF)
  7. zidovudine (AZT, ZDV)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

NNRTI medications

A
  1. delavirdine (DLV)
  2. Efavirenz (EFV)
  3. Etravirine (ETR)
  4. Nevirapine (NVP)
  5. Rilpivirine (RPV)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PI medications

A
  1. Atazanavir (ATV)
  2. Darunavir (DRV)
  3. Fosamprenavir (FPV)
  4. Indinavir (IDV)
  5. Lopinavir (LPV)
  6. Nelfinavir (NFV)
  7. Ritonavir (RTV)
  8. Saquinavir (SQV)
  9. Tipranavir (TPV)
17
Q

Integrase inhibitors (II) medications

A
  1. Dolutegravir (DTG)
  2. Elvitegravir (EVG)
  3. Raltegravir (RAL)
18
Q

Fusion inhibitor meds

A

Enfuviritide (ENF, T-20)

19
Q

CCR5 antagonist medication

A

Maraviroc (MVC)

20
Q

Initial treatment med combinations

A
  1. one NNRTI + 2 NRTIs
  2. one PI + 2 NRTIs
  3. one II + 2 NRTIs
    * *there are advantages and disadvantages to each type of regimen
21
Q

Postexposure prophylaxis for HIV

A

Example: people who have occupational contact, experience sexual assault - use of ART recommended for few days

22
Q

Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV

A

Example: people who exhibit or plan to exhibit risky behavior

23
Q

HIV treatment guidelines are available wher

A
  1. National AIDS Education Training Center
  2. HIV ATIS
  3. CDC

Exam 4-DWB (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions