French Wars of Religion and Calvinism

Question 1

Who is John Calvin? (1509-1564)

Answer 1

French theologian and lawyer influenced by Luther.
Settled in Geneva (became haven for Protestants)
ran to Basel, wrote Institutes of the Christian Religion (1535)

Question 2

John Knox

Answer 2

Scottish reformer for Calvinism (Presbyterian)

Question 3

Netherlands Calvinists

Answer 3

Dutch Reformed

Question 4

English Calvinists

Answer 4

Puritans

Question 5

The Valois kings during the 1500s

Answer 5

Francis I (1515-1547)
Henry II (-1559)
Francis II (-1560)
Charles IX (-1574)
Henry III (-1589)

Question 6

Protestants during Francis I’s rule

Answer 6

were tolerated until 1534 when the Affaire des Placards happened. Huguenots broke into the palace and littered it with anti-Catholic posters. Francis I was shocked and stopped tolerating Protestants

Question 7

What started the French Wars of Religion?

Answer 7

Massacre at Vassy 1562–Duke of Guise kills Protestant worshipers

Question 8

What happened on Augest 23, 1572–the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre?

Answer 8

Henry III of Navarre (leading Protestant) and king’s sister Margot of Valoi getting married to unite religions. A leading Protestant was almost assassinated the night before, so the Protestants blamed the Guises and demanded justice. The king, Charlies IX, instead sent the army to kill the Protestants gather for the wedding,. The massacre spread around France. Henry survived as a converted prisoner.

Question 9

War of the 3 Henris (1584-1589)

Answer 9

Henri III, Henry III of Navarre, Henri de Guise. Bloodiest and longest French War of Religion, aided by Spain and Elizabethan England. Henry IIIs ally when the Catholic League/Guises took over Paris. Henry III assassinated (Jacques Clement), so Henry III of Navarre is Henry IV Bourbon

Question 10

Henry IV Bourbon’s rule

Answer 10

1589-1610. Protestant but converted since the nation clearly wouldn’t accept a Protestant ruler. He won members of both sides. Son raised Catholic, but brought prosperity

Question 11

What did Henry IV pass that mattered?

Answer 11

1598 Edict of Nantes–Huguenots get freedom of worship and rights, but are segregated