Abdomen II

Question 1

The only bony structure in the posterior region of the abdomen is

Answer 1

The lumbar vertebral column and the superior pelvic bone

Question 2

Name the muscles of the posterior body wall

Answer 2

Psoas major and minor, quadratus lumborum, iliacus, diaphragm

Question 3

What is the origin, insertion and function of the psoas major

Answer 3

Origin is the lateral part of T12 and the bodies of L1-L5
Insertion: onto the lesser trochanter of the femur.
Function: movement of the thigh

Question 4

What is the origin, insertion and function of the psoas minor

Answer 4

From the lateral sides of the T12 and L1
Onto the pectineal line on the pelvic rim and the iliopubic eminence
It’s function is weak flexion of the lumbar vertebral column

Question 5

What is the origin, insertion and function of the quadratus lumborum

Answer 5

Origin is the transversus process of LV , the iliolumbar ligament and the iliac crest.
Inserts onto the transverse process of the L1 to LIV, and inferior region of rib 12.
Function is the depression of ribs 12

Question 6

What is the origin, insertion and function of the iliacus

Answer 6

Upper two thirds of the iliac fossa, iliolumbar ligament, upper lateral surface of the sacrum.
Inserts onto lesser trochanter of femur.
Function is flexion of the thigh at the hip joint

Question 7

Explain the psoas abscess and the psoas sign

Answer 7

The psoas is connected to the vertebral column so and infection there can transmit along the psoas onto the thigh. The psoas sign is when a person is lying of their left leg and the doctor pulls it backwards and the patient feels more pain and thus is because the inflamed or irritated appendix gets more in contact with the psoas major