The brainstem and cerebellum II

Question 1

GSE stands for and innervates

Answer 1

General somatic efferent, motor innervation of somatic musculature

Question 2

SVE stands for and innervates

Answer 2

Special visceral efferent, ,motor innervation of brachiomeric musculature

Question 3

GVE stands for and innervates

Answer 3

General visceral efferent, parasympayheic ganglion nuclei and motor innervation of viscera

Question 4

GVA stands for and innervates

Answer 4

General visceral afferent, sensory input from viscera

Question 5

SVA stands for and innervates

Answer 5

Special visceral afferent, taste

Question 6

GSA stands for and innervates

Answer 6

General somatic afferent, general somatosensory input

Question 7

SSA stands for and innervates

Answer 7

Special somatic afferent, special senses of hearing and balance

Question 8

how many territories are in the spinal cord? How many in the brain stem?

Answer 8

4 in the spinal cord. 7 in the brainstem

Question 9

what does the oculomotor nerve do?

Answer 9

it is a motor neuron for the extraocular eye muscles.
it sends parasympathetic innervation to smooth intrinsic eye muscles. It has an accessory oculomotor nucleus that innervates the iris sphincter

Question 10

what does the trochlear nerve do?

Answer 10

it supplies the extraocular muscles as a motor neuron

Question 11

where are the III, IV cranial nerves?

Answer 11

the oculomotor and trochlear nerves are in the mesencephalon

Question 12

the trigeminal nerve does? its in the metencephalon

Answer 12

supplies the muscles of mastication and general sensation of head and face, it has 3 sensory nuclei

Question 13

what does the abducens do? in the metencephalon

Answer 13

it innervates the extraocculomoter muscle

Question 14

what does the facial/intermediate nerve do? its in the pons

Answer 14

Facial expression muscles
(SVE) motor n.
– Parasymp. to Glands
(submandibular, sublingual
& lacrimal, nose palate,
pharynx) (GVE) superior
salivatory n.
– Taste from the tongue
(SVA) n. of the solitary tract
– General sensation from ear
skin (GSA) trigeminal n

Question 15

what does the vestibulocochlear nerve do? its in the pons/medulla

Answer 15

– Hearing and balance
(SSA)
Cochlear and
vestibular nn

Question 16

where are the ascending pathways located?

Answer 16

in the tegmentum

Question 17

where are the oldest desceding pathways located?

Answer 17

in the tegmentum

Question 18

where are the newest descending pathways found?

Answer 18

in the base of the brain. In the cortico-spinal/pyramidal tract, or in the cortico pontine

Question 19

go to notes and go over all the pics on the slide

Answer 19

its the only way to study this

Question 20

How many and name the peduncles of the cerebellum

Answer 20

there are 3: the brachia conjunctiva, the brachia pontis, and the restiform/juxtarestiform body

Question 21

how is the cerebellum organised?

Answer 21

in 2 hemispheres, with a vermis in the middle

Question 22

does the cerebellum have a cover?

Answer 22

yes it is the tentorium cerebelli

Question 23

where is the cerebellum found in the skull?

Answer 23

in the posterior cranial fossa

Question 24

name the lobes of the cerebellum (remember that they are many lobules and fissure)

Answer 24

the anterior lobe, the flocunodular lobe, posterior lobe.

There are the primary, horizontal, posterolateral fissures

Question 25

how many layers does the cortex of the cerebellum have?

Answer 25

3 layers. Cortex, white matter (arbrum vitae), and deep nuclei

Question 26

how many deep nuclei does the cerebellum have?

Answer 26

4- dentate, fastigial, vestibular, interposed

Question 27

what is the cisterna magna

Answer 27

it is one of the 3 openings in the subarachnoid space between the arachnoid and the pia mater. It is between the cerebellum and the dorsal face of the medullar oblongata

Question 28

what are the circumventricular organs?

Answer 28

the neurohypophysis, subfornical organ, area postrema (a chomoreceptor or emetic trigger zone), pineal body. Here the blood brain barrier is less efficient