09 - Anatomy Of The Respiratory System Flashcards
Where are the lungs located?
In the thoracic cavity
How many pairs of ribs does the thorax consist of?
12
What is the floor of the thoracic cavity formed by?
The diaphragm
What do the mucosa and cilia help with?
Cleaning and protecting
What does the cartilage do?
Helps hold the large airways and trachea open as the pressure changes
What key changes take places when the airways reduce in size?
The cartilage fades the further the airways progress and disappear by the bronchioles
Epithelial cells loose their cilia and become shorter and cuboid in shape with less goblet cells
Bronchioles are covered by bands of smooth muscle
How many lobes does the left side of the lung have?
2 making space for the heart
How many lobes does the right side of the lung have?
3
What does the upper respiratory airways consist of?
Nose Mouth Pharynx Larynx Trachea
How does the trachea divide?
Trachea - two primary bronchi - secondary and tertiary bronchi - bronchioles - respiratory bronchioles
What is at the end of terminal bronchioles?
Alveoli
What happens at alveoli?
Gaseous exchange between the air and blood
What surrounds the alveoli and capillaries?
Tiny strands of smooth muscle and capillaries are also in a net of elastin
What are the alveoli made up of?
A single layer of cells with a basement membrane
How is the respiratory membrane formed?
The basement membranes of the alveoli epithelium and the capillary endothelium are fused forming the respiratory membrane
