14 - Physiology Of The Renal System Flashcards
Where is urea formed?
In the liver
What leaves ammonia as the waste product
Desalination of the amino acid by oxidation
Because ammonia is what, what is formed before it is passed into the urinary system for removal
Toxic
The less toxic urea
What is an important role of the kidneys
Controlling water content of blood
What happens if you loose 5% of total body water
Heat stroke
What happens if you loose 10% of body water
Incapacitation
What happens if you loose 20% of body water
Delirium, coma, death
When a reduction in blood pressure is detected what is released from what
Antidiuretic hormone is released form the posterior pituitary
When are the glomerular capillaries under high pressure?
While the peritubular capillaries are at low pressure, so plasma is forced out in the glomerulus and can pass back into the peritubular capillaries
What three processes occur during the formulation of urine
Glomerular filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular secretion
What happens during glomerular filtration
Water and solutes smaller than proteins are forced through the capillary walls and pores of the glomerular capsule into the renal tubule
What happens during tubular reabsorption
Water, glucose, amino acids and required ions are transported out of the filtrate into the tubule cells and then re-enter the capillary blood
What happens during tubular secretion?
H+, K+ and other molecules are removed from the peritubular blood and secreted by the tubule cells into the filtrate
Why do the kidneys interact with the hormone coordinated system?
To control the water content, electrolyte balance and the pH of the blood
What does Renin convert angiotensinogen into and what does it do?
angiotensinogen 1, this is a converting enzyme, which converts into angiotensinogen 2
