13 - Anatomy Of The Renal System Flashcards
Where is the adrenal gland on the kidney
On the superior pole of each kidney
What is the renal capsule a barrier to?
Infection
What surrounds the renal capsule
Perirenal fat
What does the Renal fascia surround?
Renal fat, kidney and adrenal gland
What does the renal plexus consist of
Neural fibres from the celiac ganglia and plexus, aorticorenal ganglia, Lower thoracic splanchric nerve and aortic plexus
What is the entry point for nerves, blood vessels and lymph in the kidneys?
The hilium
What is the medulla divided into?
Renal pyramids
What receives the urine in the kidneys
Calices
How does blood flow through the kidneys
Abdominal aorta Left and right renal arteries Cortical radiate arteries Capillaries then returning via the Cortical radiate veins Renal vein Inferior vena cava
What is the nephron?
The functional unit of the kidneys
What are the two types of nephron
Juxtamedullary
Cortical
What is a cortical nephron
The whole structure is contained in the cortex of the kidney tissue
What do juxtamedullary cells do
Synthesise and store and secrete the enzyme renin
Release renin when renal perfusion pressure is low
What are the layers to the bladder wall
Inner mucosa
Detrusor
Fibrous adventitia
What happens during micturition
Detrusor contracts
Internal urethral sphincter opens
External urethral sphincter opens
