ABDOMEN III Flashcards
When the perineal body is broken it causes?
Incontinence of the pelvic floor, leading to prolapse of the uterus into the vagina
What is the peritoneum? Where is the innervation of the parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum.
It is a serous membrane, which has 2 layers: a parietal and visceral. In between them there is fluid which assists friction. Parietal innervation is from the lower thoracic nerves.
Visceral innervation is the same according to which organ it innervates
The small intestine is ? Which organs are retroperitoneal? Which are subperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal, the pancreas and kidneys are retroperitoneal. The bladder/uterus are subperitoneal
Where is the greater sac? Where is the lesser sac?
The greater sac is anterior and the lesser sac is posterior to the stomach
Explain hemodialysis
You must connect the arterial and venous supply to a channel, from here blood will travel through a dialysis machine where all the metabolic wastes are absorbed by a membrane. This must occur in a hospital for 2/3 hours twice a week
Explain peritoneal dialysis
It is preferred for young people, since the peritoneum is well vacularized we can connect a bag of fluid to a hanger, and insert it onto the peritoneum, the peritoneum will get saturated and then we apply a catheter to remove the fluid and the fluid will have taken the metabolic wastes with it
What is peritonitis
Is is when there is an infection or disease on an organ in the peritoneum, this can be fatal
What is the omenta
It is the peritoneal membrane that connects the stomach and the proximal duodenum. It can be divided into the greater momentum: from greater curvature of stomach and head of duodenum and goes downwards, turns and goes upwards and attached to transverse colon. The lesser omentum: connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver
What are the ligaments of the peritoneum
Go to slide 69
Where is the epiploic foramen
It is between the lesser sac and greater sac, it is surrounded by the IVC, hepatoduodenal ligament, liver, pancreas
What are mesentaries and what is their purpose. There are 3 mesenteries name them
They are 2 layers of the peritoneum, they connect the intestine with the abdominal wall. They carry arteries and veins for the small intestine.
Of the sigmoid colon, transverse mesocolon, small intestine
What are the peritoneal divisions?
Above and below the transverse colon mesentary, right/left of the infracolic space (due to small intestine mesentery). Note that there are w pericolic gutters that allow the right and left infracolic space to communicate.
what kind of organ is the small intestine?
intraperitoneal.
what is the Z line and what does it separate?
it is the line of the distal esophagus that separates the mucosa of the esophagus from that of the stomach
Discuss a herniation of the stomach. What is the symptom?
the cholidic acid of the stomach contacts the mucosa of the esophagus due to the cardia and fundus of the stomach being above the diaphragm. heart burn