Endocrine System Flashcards
What gland is often referred to as the “master” gland as it controls the functions of the other endocrine glands?
Pituitary gland
Which gland produces the hormones that regulate the rate of metabolism and affect the growth and rate of function of many other systems of the body?
Thyroid gland
This gland secretes cortisol and adrenaline in response to stress.
Adrenal glands
Hormone that causes cells in the liver, muscle, and fat tissue to take up glucose from the blood, storing it as glycogen in the liver and muscle.
Insulin
To control blood glucose, what two hormones does the pancreas produce?
Insulin and glucagon
Hormone that function is to raise blood glucose levels by triggering the release of glycogen stores from the liver.
Glucagon
During physical activity what happens to the hormones insulin and glucagon?
Increased sensitivity of the cells to insulin, thus insulin will drop and glucagon secretion increases, thus helping to maintain a steady supply of blood glucose.
What are two hormones produced by the adrenal glands?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
What physiological effects does epinephrine have to help sustain exercise activity?
Increases heart rate and stroke volume
Elevates blood glucose levels
Redistributes blood to working tissues
Opens up airways
What hormone is indicative of an anabolic training status?
Testosterone
What hormone is known as a catabolic hormone (tissue breakdown)?
Cortisol
This hormone is released from the pituitary gland and is stimulated by estrogen, testosterone, deep sleep, and vigorous exercise?
Growth hormone
This hormone is responsible for carb, protein, and fat metabolism, basil metabolic rate, protein synthesis, sensitivity to epinephrine, heart rate, breathing rate, and body temp.
Thyroid hormones
What type of exercise has been shown to lower testosterone and raise cortisol resulting in a catabolic state?
Prolonged endurance training
