sensory - hearing + equilibrium

Question 1

hearing

Answer 1

response to vibrating air molecules

Question 2

equilibrium

Answer 2

sense of motion and balance

Question 3

sound produces…

Answer 3

zone of compression and zone of rarefaction, collisions

Question 4

pitch (high or low)

Answer 4

frequency of vibrations

Question 5

loudness

Answer 5

amplitude of vibrations

Question 6

outer ear

Answer 6

fleshy auricle/pinna
auditory canal
secretions + dead cells = earwax

Question 7

middle ear

Answer 7

eardrum - 3 smallest bones + 2 smallest skeletal muscles of body

auditory ossicles

• malleus
• incus
• stapes

Question 8

inner ear

Answer 8

bony labyrinth
organs of hearing
organs of equilibrium
cochlea
organ of corti

Question 9

cochlea

Answer 9

snail like spiral
3 fluid filled chambers
vibration -> nerve impulses

Question 10

organ of corti

Answer 10

contain outer hair cells
gelatinous tectorial membrane on top
base of cell synapses with nerve fibres

sounds bend hair -> depolarise cell -> induces AP -> conducted to CNS -> translated in cerebral cortex as sound

Question 11

equilibrium receptors

Answer 11

vestibular apparatus

3 semicircular ducts - movement
2 chambers - position, acceleration

Question 12

equilibrium chambers

Answer 12

1 vertical = macula sacculi
1 horizontal = macula utriculi
otolithic membrane = gelatinous with stereocilia tips
otoliths = carbonate, protein crystals. bend hair

Question 13

macula

Answer 13

patch hair cells

Question 14

ventibular system

Answer 14

cochlea, semicircular canals otoliths

endolymphatic sac - contains fluid

Question 15

semicircular ducts

Answer 15

stimulated by rotation of head in different planes

filled with endolymph

each duct has dilated sac at one end = ampulla

Question 16

as head turns

Answer 16

cupula pushed over