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Micro Term 4 > Skin VI > Flashcards

Skin VI Flashcards

1
Q

describe the genetic composition of poxviruses

A

enveloped dsDNA

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2
Q

poxviruses multiply in ___ (unique among DNA viruses)

A

poxviruses multiply in the cytoplasm in factory areas (unique among DNA viruses)

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3
Q

list the sequence in clinical presentation of smallpox

A
  1. flu-like symptoms for 2-4 days
  2. simultaneous eruptive skin pustules (synchronous): start on mouth and spread everywhere in <24 hours
  3. vomiting, diarrhea, bleeding
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4
Q

the eruptive skin pustules seen in smallpox are described as being ____

A

the eruptive skin pustules seen in smallpox are described as being synchronous

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5
Q

exposure to smallpox is through ____

A

exposure to smallpox is through inhalation, contact or fomites

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6
Q

describe variola major vs. variola minor

A
  • variola major: highly virulent, caused toxemia, shock and intravascular coagulation
  • variola minor: less virulent
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7
Q

smallpox multiplies in the ____ before traveling to the lymphatics where it becomes disseminated

A

smallpox multiplies in the URT before traveling to the lymphatics where it becomes disseminated

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8
Q

chickenpox and shingles are part of the ___ family of viruses

A

chickenpox and shingles are part of the Herpesvirus family of viruses

enveloped linear dsDNA

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9
Q

describe the genetic composition of chickenpox

A

enveloped, linear dsDNA

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10
Q

the cytopathic effect of chickenpox and shingles is forming ___

A

the cytopathic effect of chickenpox and shingles is forming syncytia (enveloped viruses tend to form syncytia)

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11
Q

the species of chickenpox and shingles is HHV-___

A

the species of chickenpox and shingles is HHV-3

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12
Q

the target of chickenpox and shingles is…. (4 things)

A

the target of chickenpox and shingles is:

epithelial cells

fibroblasts

T cells

neurons

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13
Q

the skin lesions seen in chickenpox is described as ____ (when compared to smallpox)

A

the skin lesions seen in chickenpox is described as asynchronous (when compared to smallpox, which is synchronous)

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14
Q

chickenpox has a tropism for ____ and then enters ____ and remains latent

A

chickenpox has a tropism for T-cells (skin-homing markers) and then enters neurons and remains latent

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15
Q

the spread of the rash seen in chickenpox is described as (centripetal or centrifugal?)

A

the spread of the rash seen in chickenpox is described as centrifugal

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16
Q

describe what asynchronous presentation in chickenpox means

A
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17
Q

after resolution of shingles, many individuals continue to experience pain in the distribution of the rash, which is called ____

A

after resolution of shingles, many individuals continue to experience pain in the distribution of the rash, which is called postherpetic neuralgia

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18
Q

list factors that predispose shingles

A

stress, x-ray treatments, drug therapy, developing malignancy

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19
Q

describe the clinical presentation of congenital varicella

A
20
Q

there is decreasing incidence of chickenpox in the US due to ____

A

there is decreasing incidence of chickenpox in the US due to effective childhood vaccine

21
Q

the prevention of chickenpox/shingles is via ____

A

the prevention of chickenpox/shingles is via live attenuated vaccine

22
Q

describe HSV-1; it usually occurs in ___ (age)

A

usually lesions on the oropharynx, cold sores, fever, blisters

usually occurs in early childhood

23
Q

describe HSV-2; usually occurs in ____ (age)

A

lesions on the genitalia, possibly oral

occurs in ages 14-29

can be spread without visible lesions

24
Q

describe the clinical presentation of HSV-1

A
25
Q

the most significant transmission of herpes simplex is caused by ____

A

the most significant transmission of herpes simplex is caused by active lesions

26
Q

HSV multiples in ___ and moves to ____

A

HSV multiples in sensory neurons and moves to ganglia

trigeminal = HSV1

sacral = HSV2

27
Q

herpes simplex is potentially fatal in ____

A

herpes simplex is potentially fatal in the neonate and fetus

28
Q

scrapings from the base of herpes simplex lesions show ____

A

scrapings from the base of herpes simplex lesions show giant cells

29
Q

coxsackievirus is part of the ___ family of viruses

A

coxsackievirus is part of the picornavirus family of viruses

30
Q

describe the genetic composition of coxsackievirus

A

small, nonenveloped, ssRNA

31
Q

hand foot and mouth disease is caused by ____

A

hand foot and mouth disease is caused by coxsackievirus A16

32
Q

describe the clinical presentation of HFMD

A
  • at first: tired, sore throat, fever
  • in 1 day or 2: painful sores or blisters may appear in or on the mouth and on the hands, feet
33
Q

HFMD commonly occurs in ____

A

HFMD commonly occurs in children < 5 years old

34
Q

herpangina is characterized by fever and a painful ____

A

herpangina is characterized by fever and a painful papulo-vesiculo-ulcerative oral enanthem

35
Q

herpangina is most commonly caused by ____ serotypes

A

herpangina is most commonly caused by coxsackievirus A serotypes

36
Q

herpangina is usually spread via the ___ or ___ route

A

herpangina is usually spread via the fecal-oral or respiratory route

37
Q

after clinical symptoms of herpangina have resolved, asymptomatic enteroviral infection may persist in the ____

A

after clinical symptoms of herpangina have resolved, asymptomatic enteroviral infection may persist in the GI tract

38
Q

molluscum contagiosum is part of the ___ family of viruses

A

molluscum contagiosum is part of the poxvirus family of viruses

dsDNA, enveloped

39
Q

molluscum contagiosum is spread via ____ or from ____

A

molluscum contagiosum is spread via sexual contact or from fomites

40
Q

Molluscum contagiosum is ___ shaped with a ___ center and ___ in appearance

A

Molluscum contagiosum is dome-shaped with a dimpled center and pearly in appearance

41
Q

describe the histology of molluscum bodies

A

large cells with abundant granular eosinophilic and a small peripheral nucleus

42
Q

warts are part of the ___ family of viruses

A

warts are part of the papillomaviridae family of viruses

non-enveloped, dsDNA

43
Q

warts are caused by infection of ___ and ____

A

warts are caused by infection of keratinocytes and epithelial cells

44
Q

warts may promote cell growth in permissive cells in ____

A

warts may promote cell growth in permissive cells in stratum spinosum

45
Q

____ are the most common STD worldwide

A

warts are the most common STD worldwide

Micro Term 4 (33 decks)

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