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General Pharmacology for Bio Exam > Laxatives > Flashcards

Laxatives Flashcards

1
Q

What combination of laxatives are used to treat opioid induced constipation?

A

Osmotic

Stimulant

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2
Q

Contra-indications for bulk forming laxatives?

A 
Colonic atony
Dysphagia
Faecal impaction
infective bowel disease
intestinal obstruction
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3
Q

Side effects of bulk forming laxatives

A 
Abdo distension (esp during first few days of treatment)
Flatulence
GI impaction
GI Obstruction
Hypersensitivity
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4
Q

Is there any issue with abruptly withdrawing treatment with any laxative?

A

None stated

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5
Q

Osmotic Laxatives contra-indications (Lactulose)

A

Galactosaemia

Intestinal obstruction

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6
Q

Osmotic Laxatives Contra-indications (macrogols)

A 
Toxic Megacolon
Crohns
Paralytic ileus
Severe Inflammatory conditions of the intestinal tract
Ulcerative Collitis
Intestinal obstruction
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7
Q

Osmotic Laxatives Contra-Indications (Sodium Salts)

A 
Acute severe colitis (adults)
Acites
Congestive Cardiac failure
Gastric retention
Gastro Intestinal Perforation
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8
Q

Osmotic Laxatives Contra-Indications (Magnesium)

A

Acute GI conditions

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9
Q

Osmotic Laxatives Common side effects?

A 
Abdo discomfort
Cramps
Flatulence
nausea (help reduce by giving with water/juice/meals)
Vomiting
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10
Q

Stimulant laxatives Contra-indications

A 
Acute inflammatory bowel disease
Acute surgical abdominal conditions (in adults)
intestinal obstruction
severe dehydration
undiagnosed abdominal pain
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11
Q

Stimulant laxatives common side effects

A

Senna - Abdo spasm; discoloration of urine; pruritis
Bisacodyl - Abdo cramp; colitis; N&V
Prolonged/excessive use can lead to diarrhoea/hypokalaemia etc

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12
Q

Common side effects of H2 Receptor Antagonists?

A

Diarrhoea
Dizziness
Headaches

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13
Q

What short term conditions are PPIs used to treat?

A 
Gastric/duodenal ulcers
Dyspepsia
GORD
Erosive Oesophagitis
Benign Gastric ulcers
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14
Q

What long term conditions are PPIs used to treat?

A

Hypersecretory conditions - zollinger ellisons
Maintenance therapy for healing peptic ulcers, erosive oesophagitis
Combined with amoxicillin and Clarythromycin to treat H.Pylori

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15
Q

What are the contra-indications for PPI use?

A

None stated

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16
Q

What are the common side effects of PPIs

A 
Abdo pain
Constipation
Diarrhoea
Flatulence
GI Disturbances
Headace
N&V

General Pharmacology for Bio Exam (15 decks)

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