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BOC > Ch 6 > Flashcards

Ch 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Elevated body temperature

A

hyperthermia

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2
Q

physical contact with other objects can result in either a heat loss or heat gain

A

conductive heat exchange

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3
Q

occurs when a mass of either air or water moves around an individual

A

convection heat exchange

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4
Q

radiant heat from sunshine causes an increase in body temperature

A

radiation heat exchange

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5
Q

sweat glands in the skin allow water to be transported to the surface

A

Evaporation heat exchange

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6
Q

Heat loss through evaporation is severely impaired when the relative humidity reaches _____ percent and stop when the humidity reaches _______ percent

A

65% and 75%

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7
Q

what are the signs and symptoms for a person who is dehydrated

A 
thirst
dry mouth
headache
dizziness
irritability
lethargy
excessive fatigue
cramps
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8
Q

true or false

fluid intake should equal fluid loss

A

true

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9
Q

which are more effective for fluid replacement sport drinks or water

A

sport drinks

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10
Q

how many ounces of water should an athlete drink before exercise and how soon before exercise

A

17-20 ounces 2-3 hrs before exercise and then 7-10 ounces 20 min before exercise

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11
Q

gradual acclimatization should happen how many days before an event

A

7-10 days

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12
Q

true or false

each practice period should be broken down into 20 minutes of workout with 20 min of rest in shade

A

true

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13
Q

true or false

dark colored clothing or uniforms should be allowed and rubbersized suits should be used

A

false

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14
Q

a loss of how much weight indicates the athlete is severly dehydrated

A

greater than 2% and athlete should be held out of practice until normal body weight regains

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15
Q 
match the WBGT with the color
<78
78-82
82.1-86
86.1-89.9
>90
no flag
black
yellow
green
red
A

<78=no flag (normal activity)
78-82=green (pay attention to at-risk people)
82.1-86=yellow (limit tense exercise to 1hr, total outdoor activity to 2.5 hr)
86.1-89.9=red(stop outdoor practice and conditioning)
>90=black(cancel all outdoor activity)

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16
Q

a benign condition associated with a red, raised rash accomplained by sensations of prickling and tingling during sweating

A

heat rash (prickly heat)

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17
Q

associated with rapid physical fatigue during overexposure to heat it is usually caused by standing in heat for long periods. (peripheral vasodilation of superficial vessels, hypo-tension, or pooling of blood in extremities)

A

heat syncope

18
Q

how are you supposed to treat heat syncope

A

quickly lay the athlete down in a cool area and elevate the lower extremities and replace fluid

19
Q

extremely painful muscle spasms that occur most commonly in the calf and abdomen

A

heat cramp

20
Q

this is a more moderate form of heat illness that occurs from environmental heat stress and physical exercise

A

exertional heat exhaustion

21
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion

A 
dehydration
pale skin
profuse sweating
stomach cramps
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
headache
diarrhea
dizziness
22
Q

what is the treatment for heat exhaustion

A

remove excess clothing and lie the athlete down with their legs elevated. cool them down until rectal temp has lowered to 101 degrees

23
Q

the most severe form of heat illness and is induced by strenuous physical exercise and increased environmental heat stress. It is characterized by CNS abnormalities and potential tissue damage

A

exertional heatstroke

24
Q

what is a person rectal temp who has exertional heatstroke

A

higher than 104

25
Q

what is the treatment for a athlete with exertional heat stroke

A

get the athlete into a cool environment, strip off all clothing, and immerse the athlete in a cold water bath(35-58degree) Placing ice bags on their neck and over major arterial vessels (Transfer to hospital!!!)

26
Q

true or false

with a exertional heatstroke patient you should cool down them and transfer them immediate

A

true

27
Q

a syndrome characterized by sudden catabolic destruction of skeletal muscle accompanied by leakage of myoglobin and muscle enzymes

A

acute exertional rhabdomyolysis

28
Q

what is the treatment for acute exertional rhabdomyolysis

A

refer the athlete to a physician immediately

29
Q

death is imminent if the core temp drop between what temp

A

77-85 degrees

30
Q

the skin appears very firm, with cold, painless areas that may peel or blister in 24-72 hours

A

frost nip

31
Q

what is the treatment for frost nip

A

treated early by firm, sustained pressure of the hand (without rubbing), by blowing hot breath on area, or placing fingers in armpit

32
Q

involves only the skin and subcutaneous tissue, the skin appears pale, hard, cold, and waxy

A

superficial frostbite

33
Q

what is the treatment for superficial frostbite

A

place injured area in warm water (100-110 degrees)

34
Q

a serious injury, indicating tissues that are frozen, requires immediate medical emergency

A

deep frostbite

35
Q

what are the symptoms for acute mountain sickness

A

headache, nausea, vomitting, sleep disturbance, dyspnea

36
Q

usually in conjunction with HAPE, is a life-threatening condition that can lead to coma or death( seen in altitudes above 9,000ft)

A

high altitude cerebral edema

37
Q

this condition can cause enlarged spleen, which has been known to rupture at high altitudes

A

sickle cell trait reaction

38
Q

explain SPF 6

A

indicates that an athlete can be exposed to ultraviolet light 6 times longer than without sunscreen before skin turns red

39
Q

what is needed to be done with lightening

A

(flash to bang) count the number of seconds from lightening flash until the sound of thunder than divide by 5 to determine the distance

40
Q

when the flash to bang is at or less than how many is there danger

A

at or less than 30

41
Q

how many minutes should go by before activity resides

A

30 minutes

42
Q

when is the ozone levels the lowest and highest at during the day

A

highest during the dawn, peak at mid-day, and lowest during later-afternoon rush hour

BOC (21 decks)

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