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BOC > Ch 20 > Flashcards

Ch 20 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: Is the knee a true hinge joint?

A

False

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2
Q

what is the largest sesamoid bone in the body?

A

patella

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3
Q

which is wider the medial or lateral aspect of the patella ?

A

lateral

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4
Q

explain the vascular supply of the meniscus

A

peripheral/outer = good supply
red white zone/middle 1/3=minimal blood supply
white-white zone/inner 1/3=a vascular

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5
Q

which is stronger the PCL or ACL?

A

PCL

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6
Q

what is the purpose of the MCL?

A

to prevent valgus and ER forces

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7
Q

where is gerdy’s tubercle located?

A

lateral tibial tubercle

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8
Q

what is the largest fat pad in the knee?

A

infrapatellar

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9
Q

what is the “screw home” mechanism?

A

as a knee extends the tibia externally rotates

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10
Q

at what degree is the patella most prominent?

A

30 degrees

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11
Q

patients who walk toe out may have _____

A

external rotated hip/ retroversion

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12
Q

an angle measuring more or less than ____ is a sign of tibial torsion

A

15 degrees

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13
Q

internal rotation at the hip is caused by what?

A

weak external rotator muscles or foot pronation

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14
Q

hyper extension of the knee may result in what?

A

IR of the femur and ER of the tibia

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15
Q

hyper extended knees commonly occur as a compensation for what?

A

lordosis/swayback

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16
Q

how is true anatomical leg length measured?

A

from ASIS to lateral malleolus

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17
Q

how is function leg length measured?

A

from umbilicus to medial malleolus

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18
Q

at what degree does the knee need to be to test the MCL and posteromedial capsule

A

full extension

19
Q

at what degree does the knee need to be to test the MCL

A

30 degrees flexions

20
Q

what test distinguishes collateral ligamentous tears from capsular and meniscal tears

A

apleys distraction

21
Q

what does the pivot shift test and Jerk test of hughston test?

A

to deteremine anterolateral rotary instability

22
Q

what are the three test used to determine a mensical lesion

A

McMurray’s, Apleys, and Thessalys test

23
Q

how is a medial and lateral meniscal lesion determined?

A

medial is shown with ER of lower leg

lateral is shown with IR of lower leg

24
Q

what are the five sites of girth measurement of the lower leg

A
  • 8 to 10 cm above joint line
  • 2 cm above patella
  • joint line
  • tibial tubercule
  • belly of gastroc
25
Q

what is the normal q angle for males and females

A

males=10 degrees

females= 15 degrees

26
Q

what are the four verbal cues used during knee balance exercise

A
  • soft knees
  • load hips
  • quiet sound
  • toe-to-heel
27
Q

true or false

the change from few long spikes to many short spikes has reduced knee injuries

A

true

28
Q

MCL sprians result from what?

A

adduction and IR

29
Q

what is the force required to tear the LCL?

A

varus often with tibia IR

30
Q

an injury that occurs to the peroneal nerve can result to what?

A

temporary or permanent palsy

31
Q

non contact mechanism approximately ____ more likely to cause an ACL injury

A

80%

32
Q

true or false: most typically the athlete is decelerating form a ump or forward running when an ACL injury occurs?

A

true

33
Q

anterior lateral rotary instability may involve what?

A

anterolateral joint capsule, LCL, and possibly the PCL and structures and the posterolateral corner

34
Q

anterior medial rotary instability usually involves what?

A

anteromedial capsule, MCL, and possibly the PCL and posteromedial corner

35
Q

when does the PCL have most risk?

A

when it is flexed at 90 degrees and foot plantar flexion

36
Q

true or false: PCL injury has also been referred to as dash-board injury?

A

true

37
Q

which meniscus has a higher incidence of injury, medial or lateral?

A

medial

38
Q

what do osteochondral fractures typically result from?

What population does this typically occur in?

A
  • either rotation or direct trauma that compresses the articular cartilage between the medial or lateral femoral condyles in the tibial plateau
  • children
39
Q

what is osteochondritis dissecans (OCD)?

A

a painful condition involving partial or complete separation of a piece of articualr cartilage and subchondral bone and occurs primariyl in the lateral portion of the medial femoral chondyle

40
Q

what is a baker cyst assocaited with?

A

semimembranosus bursa and occurs under the medial head of the gastroc

41
Q

what is larsen-johansson diesease?

what population is this commonly seen in?

A
  • similar to osgood-schlatter disease but occurs in the inferior pole of the patella
  • immature adolescents
42
Q

what is osgood-schlatter disease?

what pipulation is this commonly seen in?

A
  • an apophysitis characterized by pain at the attachment of the patellar tendon to the tibial tubercle . this condition most often represents an avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercle
  • immature adolescents
43
Q

what is the order for muscle strength thining of the knee?

A

isometric, isotonic, isokinetic, plyometric

44
Q

for an athlete to return to play from a knee injury what percentage of the injured knee must equal the uninjured knee

A

90%

BOC (21 decks)

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