Chapter 8 Minerals

Question 1

What are electrolytes

Answer 1

Minerals that help maintain fluid balance

Question 2

What does water do in your body?

Answer 2

Acts as a universal solvent and a transport medium

Question 3

Insensible water loss is

Answer 3

Through evaporation from skin and when you exhale

Question 4

Can cause result from in adequate water into much water loss from diarrhea fever

Answer 4

Dehydration

Question 5

Hyponatremia

Answer 5

Consuming too much water sodium level is too low

Question 6

How many cups men and women need to have

Answer 6

Men 16

Women12

Question 7

What are minerals and why do you need them?

Answer 7

Inorganic elements needed in relatively small amounts

Too much can decrease absorption of another

Some substances bind minerals

Question 8

Sodium

Answer 8

Is an electrolyte charged ion in blood and fluid surrounding cells

77% food is consumed by Americans from processed food

1500 mg/day needed for adults under 51

Question 9

UL for adults is set at

Answer 9

2300 mg/day to reduce the risk of hypertension

Question 10

Normal blood pressure

Answer 10

> 120/80

Question 11

Hypertension blood pressure

Answer 11

> 140/90

Question 12

Pottasium

Answer 12

Electrolytes inside cells
Blood buffer
Muscle contractions and nerve impulse conduction
Helps lower blood pressure
Reduces kidney stones
Helps increase bone density
Too much supplements can cause hyperkalemia

Question 13

Calcium

Answer 13

Helps lower blood pressure
1000-1200 mg/day depending on age
Oyster shell calcium may contain lead

Question 14

Too much calcium can cause what?

Answer 14

Hypercalcemia

Question 15

Osteoporosis

Answer 15

Gender is females higher risk
Lost of estrogen after menopause
Caucasian/Asian American at risk
Medications glucocorticoids

Question 16

Phosphorus

Answer 16

2nd most abundant mineral in body
85% in bones
700 mg/day adults
(Meat, fish, poultry, dairy)

Question 17

Magnesium

Answer 17

4th most abundant mineral in body

Helps lower blood pressure and reduce risk type 2 diabetes

Question 18

What is chloride?

Answer 18

Part of hydrochloric acid in the stomach that enhances protein digestion, and also found in bleach

Is a major electrolytes outside of cells in blood to help maintain fluid balance

Question 19

Sulfur

Answer 19

Gives some proteins 3-d shape

Sulfites used to preserve and prevent spoilage and discoloration