water, carbon, climate and earth Flashcards
how are the water and carbon cycles linked?
as co2 increases the temperature rises meaning that more ice melts increasing the stores of the water cycles
what % of the greenhouse effect is down to carbon?
20%
why is there a time lag between increased carbon and rising temperatures?
because the oceans absorb the heat
what is the CCS?
carbon capture and sequestration technologies
what % of co2 emissions can CCS capture and released by what?
can capture 90% of carbon released through fossil fuels emissions
what does the CCS chain consist of?
3 parts
capturing co2
transporting
securely storing
how is carbon captured in stage 1 of CCS?
one of three ways
separates co2 from other gases produced in the production in electricity generation and industrial processes
pre capture post capture or oxy fuel capture
how is carbon transported in stage 2 of the CCS?
by pipeline or ship to the storage location
millions of tonnes transported for commercial uses
how is carbon stored in third stage of CCS?
underground in depleted oil or gas reserves
carbon sequestration
what problems does CCS have?
it can cause more gas and oil to be extracted in order to store the carbon
this enhances the original problem in the fact that more fossil fuels are available to burn
what is geo sequestration?
when carbon is stored into rocks
converted into a high pressure liquid and injected directly into sedimentary rocks
why does storing co2 in the ocean have problems?
as it can cause ocean acidification
what is an example of CCS in action?
the Boundary Dam canada
CCS plant and coal power
captures 90% of co2 output
what was the price of the Boundary Dam?
£800 million
how can changing rural land use help carbon cycle?
it ensure that more carbon is inputted to soils rather than outputted
