Internal environment - electrolytes Flashcards
Which basic components of the inner environment does electrolytes belong to?
acid-base balance
body fluid volume maintenance
muscle activity
transduction signal in the nervous system
Which ions have the greatest importance in regulating the inner environment?
sodium(Na+) potassium(K+) associated with Chloride (Cl-)
Which systems regulate the concentration of ions?
Kidneys, skin, GIT and system of inner secretion
Analysis of electrolytes is……?
one of the screening methods related to homeostasis and it’s regulations.
How do you separate plasma from blood?
By centrifugation.
What is Natremia and how is it regulated?
Plasma level of sodium. Is regulated by hormone aldosterone. And also by ADH because it is linked to water reabsorption. Antagonist –> ANP atria natriuretic hormone.
What is the RAAS system?
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. A hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.
Which hormone has the opposite effect as ADH and work against the RAAS-System?
ANP-atrial natriuretic peptide
a peptide hormone which reduces an expanded extracellular fluid (ECF) volume by increasing renal sodium excretion. ANP is synthesized, and secreted by cardiac muscle cells in the walls of the atria in the heart.
Which hormone plays an important role in heart tissue maintenance?
atrial natriuretic peptide ANP
What is Kalemia and how is it regulated?
plasma levels of potassium. Regulated by aldosteron from the adrenal cortex by increasing natremia it decreases kalemia. –> supports secretion of K+ in kidneys.
What is Chloremia and how is it regulated?
plasma levels of chlorides. Is linked with regulation of sodium and potassium ions due to effedt of aldosterone. Major regulatory organs –> kidneys, intestine and skin.
What is Calcemia and how is it regulated?
Level of calcium in blood. Regulated by calcitonin from the thyroid gland–> lower levels.
PTH Parathyroid hormone –>released by parathyroid gland, increase levels (take Ca2+ from bone tissue).
Vitamin D (calcitriol) –> recycles Ca2+ from urine and GIT –> save the bones.
Function of Magnesium in blood?
inhibition of neuronal response, enzyme activity.
Function of copper in blood?
hematopoiesis, enzyme function.
