56. Antihelminthics part 1

Question 1

Back-ground

Answer 1

Vermifuges: stun
Vermicides: kill
Expel parasitic worms
Anti-nemadals (reoundworm
anti-cestodals (tapeworm)
anti-trematodals (fluke)

Question 2

Benzimidazoles

Answer 2

Thia-, Cam-, Al- Fen- Flu- luxa- tricla-, —bendazole

Oxfendazole

Question 3

Pro-benzimidazole

Answer 3

Pro-drugs
Fabentel –> oxfendazole
Netobimin
Thiophanante

Question 4

Benzimidazole

Answer 4

Moa: Inhibit tubulin polymerisation and inhibition of cellular transport and energy metabolism

Other effects: anti-tumour, anti-fungal, anti-viral

Question 5

Antinematodal

Answer 5

Alb, fen, oxf, oxib -bendazole

Question 6

Anti-cest

Answer 6

Febental, Al, Fen, Oxf, Me, Flu - bendazole

Question 7

Anti-trematodal

Answer 7

Albendazole: adult fluke
Triclabendazole: Only liver fluke!!!, both immature and mature

Question 8

Imidothiazoles

Answer 8

Anti-nematodal
Levamisole, (tertmisole - unsafe)
Moa: agoinist at Ach -receptor: sustained muscle contraction–> paralysis
Spectrum: adult and larva- cidal, Anti-nematodal
Antidote: Atropine

Question 9

Tetrahydropyrimidines

Answer 9

Pyrantal (paste)
Morantel (bolus)
Moa: cholinemimetic activity: ganglion stimulat
Spectrum: GI nematodes
pk: pyrantel tartrate
Antidote: atropine

Question 10

Piperzines

Answer 10

Piperazine (oral)
Diethylcarbamazine (Iv or oral)
Moa: block NM transmission (GABA agonist)
- flaccid paralysis: expelled by paralysis
Spectrum
- Pieprazine: ascarid parasites
- Diethylcarbamazine: Heartworm in dogs and
lungworm in Ru